different between arbor vs harbor

English

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -??(r)b?(r)

Etymology 1

From Middle English arbour, erbour, from Old French erbier (“field, meadow, kitchen garden”), from erbe (“grass, herb”), from Latin herba (“grass, herb”) (English herb). (Compare Late Latin herb?rium, although erbier is possibly an independent formation.) The spelling was influenced by Latin arbor (“tree”).

Alternative forms

• arbour (chiefly British)

Noun

arbor (plural arbors or arbores)

1. A shady sitting place or pergola usually in a park or garden, surrounded by climbing shrubs, vines or other vegetation.
2. A grove of trees.

Derived terms

• Ann Arbor

Related terms

• arboreal
• arboreous
• arborescent
• arboretum
• arbor vitae
• herb

Translations

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French arbre (“tree, axis”), spelling influenced by Latin arbor (“tree”).

Noun

arbor (plural arbors or arbores)

1. An axis or shaft supporting a rotating part on a lathe.
2. A bar for supporting cutting tools.
3. A spindle of a wheel.

Translations

Anagrams

• Barro, borra

Latin

Alternative forms

• arb?s

Etymology

By rhotacism from Old Latin arb?s, from Proto-Italic *arð?s, cognate with arduus (“high”): the meaning is "high plant"; the Indo-European /d?/ was shifted to /b/. From the Proto-Indo-European *h?erd?- (“high, to grow”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?ar.bor/, [?ärb?r]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?ar.bor/, [??rb?r]

Noun

arbor f (genitive arboris); third declension

1. a tree

   (specifically with the genitive of the species)

2. (metonymically) something made from a tree, of wood

   Synonym: m?lus

   Synonyms: iaculum, p?lum

   (euphemistic) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

3. (metonymically) the polypus (imagined to have arms like the branches of a tree)

Declension

• A poetic nominative arb?s is often found. Sextus Pompeius Festus documents archaic (Old Latin) variants arbosem, arboses.

Third-declension noun.

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

See also

• p?mus
• silva

Noun

arbor

1. vocative singular of arbor

Further reading

• arbor in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

References

• arbor in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• arbor in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• arbor in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• arbor in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *arawar, from Proto-Indo-European *h?erh?-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ar.v?r/

Noun

arbor n (genitive arbae, nominative plural arbann)

1. grain
2. (in the plural) crops

Inflection

Descendants

• Irish: arbhar
• Manx: arroo
• Scottish Gaelic: arbhar

Mutation

References

• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “arbar”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Old Spanish

Alternative forms

• arbol

Etymology

From Latin arbor, arborem, from Old Latin arb?s, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h?erd?- (“high, to grow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?ar.?or]

Noun

arbor m (plural arbores)

1. tree
   • c. 1200, Almeric, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 1v. b.

     ally delát ebró. es mót mãbre. e ouo y grát arbor. e fue enzina. ala rayz daq?l arbor estaua abraã.

     There, past Hebron, is the hill Mamre, where there was a great oak tree. Abraham was [sitting] on the root of that tree.

   • Idem, f. 42v. b.

     e crebantaredes todas cibdades en ca?telladas entodos los arbores fermo?os todas las fontanas del agua cerraredes. entodas las buenas se?as abatredes […]

     And you shall defeat all cities and fortified towns, and fell all the good trees, and seal all the springs of water and ruin all the good pieces of land.

Descendants

• Ladino: arvolé, arvol
• Spanish: árbol, árbor
  • ? Basque: arbola
  • ? Cebuano: arbol
  • ? Sicilian: àrbulu, àrvulu

Romanian

Noun

arbor m (plural arbori)

1. Alternative form of arbore

English

Alternative forms

• harbour (Commonwealth)
• herberwe, herborough (obsolete)

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /?h??b?/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?h??b?/
• Rhymes: -??(?)b?(?)

Etymology 1

From Middle English herber, herberge, from Old English herebeorg (“shelter, lodgings, quarters”), from Proto-West Germanic *harjabergu (“army shelter, refuge”) (compare West Frisian herberch (“inn”), Dutch herberg (“inn”), German Herberge), from *harjaz (“army”) + *berg? (“protection”), equivalent to Old English here (“army, host”) + beorg (“defense, protection, refuge”). Cognate with Old Norse herbergi (“a harbour; a room”) (whence Icelandic herbergi), Dutch herberg, German Herberge (“inn, hostel, shelter”), Swedish härbärge. Compare also French auberge (“hostel”). More at here, harry, borrow and bury. Doublet of harbinger

Noun

harbor (countable and uncountable, plural harbors) (American spelling)

1. (countable) Any place of shelter.

2. (countable, nautical) A sheltered expanse of water, adjacent to land, in which ships may anchor or dock, especially for loading and unloading.

   A harbor, even if it is a little harbor, is a good thing, since adventurers come into it as well as go out, and the life in it grows strong, because it takes something from the world, and has something to give in return - Sarah Orne Jewett

3. (countable, glassworking) A mixing box for materials.
4. (obsolete, countable) A house of the zodiac, or the mansion of a heavenly body.

   • To ech of hem his tyme and his seson, / As thyn herberwe chaungeth lowe or heighe

5. (obsolete, uncountable) Shelter, refuge.

Alternative forms

• harborough (obsolete)

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? Cebuano: harbor
• ? Marshallese: aba
• ? Welsh: harbwr

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English herberwen, herber?en, from Middle English herebeorgian (“to take up one's quarters, lodge”), from the noun (see above).

Verb

harbor (third-person singular simple present harbors, present participle harboring, simple past and past participle harbored) (American spelling)

1. (transitive) To provide a harbor or safe place for.

2. (intransitive) To take refuge or shelter in a protected expanse of water.

3. (transitive) To drive (a hunted stag) to covert.
   • 1819, John Mayer, The Sportsman's Directory, or Park and Gamekeeper's Companion

     This is the time that the horseman are flung out, not having the cry to lead them to the death. When quadruped animals of the venery or hunting kind are at rest, the stag is said to be harboured, the buck lodged, the fox kennelled, the badger earthed, the otter vented or watched, the hare formed, and the rabbit set.

4. (transitive) To hold or persistently entertain in one's thoughts or mind.

Derived terms

• harborer

Translations

See also

• haven
• dock

References

• harbor in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• “harbor” in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
• “harbor”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.
• Random House Webster's Unabridged Electronic Dictionary, 1987-1996.

Cebuano

Etymology

From English harbor, from Middle English herberwen, herber?en, from Middle English herebeorgian (“to take up one's quarters, lodge”),

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: har?bor

Verb

harbor

1. (slang) to appropriate another person's property

Noun

harbor

1. (slang) appropriation; an act or instance of appropriating

Derived terms

• harbor

Descendants

• Cebuano: harbat