different between arbiter vs adjudicator

English

Etymology

From Old French arbitre, from Latin arbiter (“a witness, judge, literally one who goes to see”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation): IPA^(key): /???b?t?(?)/

Noun

arbiter (plural arbiters)

1. A person appointed, or chosen, by parties to determine a controversy between them; an arbitrator.
   • 1931, William Bennett Munro, The government of the United States, national, state, and local, page 495

     In order to protect individual liberty there must be an arbiter between the governing powers and the governed.

2. (with of) A person or object having the power of judging and determining, or ordaining, without control; one whose power of deciding and governing is not limited.

   Television and film, not Vogue and similar magazines, are the arbiters of fashion.

3. (electronics) A component in circuitry that allocates scarce resources.

Related terms

Translations

Verb

arbiter (third-person singular simple present arbiters, present participle arbitering, simple past and past participle arbitered)

1. (transitive) To act as arbiter.
   • 2003, Jean-Benoit Nadeau, Julie Barlow, Sixty Million Frenchmen Can't be Wrong: Why We Love France But Not the French, page 116

     Worse, since there was no institution to arbiter disagreements between Parliament and the government, whenever Parliament voted against the government on the smallest issues, coalitions fragmented, and governments had to be recomposed.

Further reading

• arbiter in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• arbiter in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• rarebit

Latin

Etymology

Uncertain, but probably cognate to Umbrian a?putrati (“according to the judgement”, abl.sg.), corresponding to Latin arbitr?t?. Possibly from ad- + baet?, with sporadic d > r as in arvorsum, arfuise, thus originally meaning "one that goes to something in order to see or hear it". However, that verb has no certain etymology, and the Umbrian pu remains unexplained. De Vaan suggests a derivation from put? to explain the Umbrian pu, however that is still morphologically difficult since the latter is based on an adjective. The voiced b would have to be exceptional or explained by some peculiarity of the ?p sequence in Umbrian.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?ar.bi.ter/, [?ärb?t??r]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?ar.bi.ter/, [??rbit??r]

Noun

arbiter m (genitive arbitr?); second declension

1. witness, spectator, onlooker
2. (law) arbitrator, arbiter (having a wider power than a i?dex)
   1. (transferred sense) judge, umpire
3. overseer, controller, ruler

Declension

Second-declension noun (nominative singular in -er).

Related terms

• arbitr?tus
• arbitrium, arbiterium
• arbitror

Descendants

References

• “arbiter” on page 175 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) , “arbiter”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, ?ISBN, page 50

Further reading

• arbiter in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• arbiter in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• arbiter in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
• arbiter in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• arbiter in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Polish

Etymology

From Latin arbiter.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ar?b?i.t?r/

Noun

arbiter m pers

1. (law) arbiter (person appointed, or chosen, by parties to determine a controversy between them)
2. authority (person)

   Synonym: autorytet

3. (sports) referee (umpire, judge of a game)

   Synonym: s?dzia

Declension

Related terms

• (verb) arbitra?owa?
• (nouns) arbitralno??, arbitra?
• (adjectives) arbitralny, arbitra?owy
• (adverb) arbitralnie

Further reading

• arbiter in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
• arbiter in Polish dictionaries at PWN

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /æ.d?u.d??ke?.t??/

Noun

adjudicator (plural adjudicators)

1. One who adjudicates.
   • 2007, Houston Chronicle, June 8

     The State Department has hired hundreds of new passport adjudicators, put employees to work around the clock and opened a new processing facility in Arkansas but has still been unable to meet the demand [for the issuance of new passports].

Related terms

• adjudication
• adjudicatrix

Translations