different between aperture vs trough

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin apert?ra (“opening”), from apertus, past participle of aper?re (“to open, uncover”), opposed to oper?re (“to close, cover”). See aperient. Doublet of overture.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?æp.?.t??(?)/, /?æp.?.tj??(?)/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?æp.?.t??/
• Hyphenation: ap?er?ture

Noun

aperture (plural apertures)

1. A small or narrow opening, gap, slit, or hole.
   • 1860, Samuel Hannaford, Sea and River-side Rambles in Victoria Chapter 7

     In the centre of the fleshy membrane is an aperture leading into a deep cavity, at the bottom of which is placed a prominent piston that may be retracted by muscular fibres provided for the purpose.
2. (optics) Something which restricts the diameter of the light path through one plane in an optical system.
3. (astronomy, photography) The diameter of the aperture (in the sense above) which restricts the width of the light path through the whole system. For a telescope, this is the diameter of the objective lens.

4. (spaceflight, communication) The (typically) large-diameter antenna used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency energy containing the data used in communication satellites, especially in the geostationary belt. For a comsat, this is typically a large reflective dish antenna; sometimes called an array.
5. (mathematics, rare, of a right circular cone) The maximum angle between the two generatrices.

   If the generatrix makes an angle ? to the axis, then the aperture is 2?.

Usage notes

The aperture of microscopes is often expressed in degrees, called also the angular aperture, which signifies the angular breadth of the pencil of light which the instrument transmits from the object or point viewed; as, a microscope of 100° aperture.

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Further reading

• aperture in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• aperture in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin apert?ra (“opening”). Doublet of ouverture.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.p??.ty?/

Noun

aperture f (uncountable)

1. (phonetics, phonology) opening, openness, aperture

Related terms

• apéritif
• ouvrir

Further reading

• “aperture” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Italian

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ure

Noun

aperture f

1. plural of apertura

Anagrams

• reputare
• reputerà

Latin

Participle

apert?re

1. vocative masculine singular of apert?rus

Spanish

Verb

aperture

1. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of aperturar.
2. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of aperturar.
3. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present subjunctive form of aperturar.
4. Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of aperturar.

English

Etymology

From Middle English trough, trowgh, trow, trou?, trogh, from Old English troh, trog (“a trough, tub, basin, vessel for containing liquids or other materials”), from Proto-Germanic *trug?, *trugaz (compare West Frisian trôch, Dutch trog, German Trog, Swedish tråg), from Proto-Indo-European *dru-kó (compare Middle Irish drochta (“wooden basin”), Old Armenian ?????? (targal, “ladle, spoon”), enlargement of *dóru (“tree”)). More at tree.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /t??f/

• (US) enPR: trôf, IPA^(key): /t??f/
• (US, cot–caught merger, Canada) enPR: tr?f, IPA^(key): /t??f/
• (US dialectal) enPR: trôth, IPA^(key): /t???/; (cot–caught merger) IPA^(key): /t???/
• Rhymes: -?f

Noun

trough (plural troughs)

1. A long, narrow container, open on top, for feeding or watering animals.

   One of Hank's chores was to slop the pigs' trough each morning and evening.

2. Any similarly shaped container.
   • 1976, Frederick Bentham, The art of stage lighting (page 233)

     It just clips on the front of the stage without any special trough, has no great power and occupies only one dimmer, […]

   1. (Australia, New Zealand) A rectangular container used for washing or rinsing clothes.

      Ernest threw his paint brushes into a kind of trough he had fashioned from sheet metal that he kept in the sink.

3. A short, narrow canal designed to hold water until it drains or evaporates.

   There was a small trough that the sump pump emptied into; it was filled with mosquito larvae.

4. (Canada) A gutter under the eaves of a building; an eaves trough.

   The troughs were filled with leaves and needed clearing.

5. (agriculture, Australia, New Zealand) A channel for conveying water or other farm liquids (such as milk) from place to place by gravity; any ‘U’ or ‘V’ cross-sectioned irrigation channel.
6. A long, narrow depression between waves or ridges; the low portion of a wave cycle.

   The buoy bobbed between the crests and troughs of the waves moving across the bay.

   The neurologist pointed to a troubling trough in the pattern of his brain-waves.

7. (meteorology) A linear atmospheric depression associated with a weather front.

Synonyms

• manger (container for feeding animals)

Derived terms

• water trough

Translations

Verb

trough (third-person singular simple present troughs, present participle troughing, simple past and past participle troughed)

1. To eat in a vulgar style, as if from a trough.

   He troughed his way through three meat pies.

References

• Oxford English Dictionary Online

See also

• crib
• ditch
• trench

Anagrams

• Rought, rought