different between also vs thus

English

Etymology

From Middle English also, alswo, alswa (also als(e), as, whence English as), from Old English ealsw?, eallsw? (“completely so, additionally, just as, just so, even as, even so, as, as if, so, so as, likewise, also; likewise, in just the same way”), equivalent to all +? so. Cognate with Scots alsa, alswa (“also, even so, in the same way, as, as well”), Saterland Frisian also (“accordingly, therefore, thus”), West Frisian alsa (“so, just so, even so, thus”), Old Saxon als? (“similarly, as if, just as, when”), Dutch alzo (“so, thus”), German also (“so, thus”), Danish altså (“so”), Norwegian Bokmål altså (“so, therefore, accordingly, thus”), Norwegian Nynorsk altso (“so, accordingly, therefore, thus”), Swedish alltså (“so, therefore, accordingly, thus, then”). See all, so, as.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /???l.s??/
• (US) IPA^(key): /??l.so?/
• (cot–caught merger) IPA^(key): /??l.so?/
• Hyphenation: al?so

Adverb

also (not comparable)

1. (conjunctive, focus) In addition; besides; as well; further; too. [from 14^th c.]
   • 1905, Bertrand Russell, On Denoting

     The subject of denoting is of very great importance, not only in logic and mathematics, but also in the theory of knowledge.

   • Thus the red damask curtains which now shut out the fog-laden, drizzling atmosphere of the Marylebone Road, had cost a mere song, and yet they might have been warranted to last another thirty years. A great bargain also had been the excellent Axminster carpet which covered the floor; […].
2. (obsolete) To the same degree or extent; so, as. [14^th-15^th c.]
   • c. 1709, John Strype, Annals of the Reformation and Establishment of Religion

     […] thereupon the queen's majesty […] did send a solemn ambassade of her privy-counsellors, whereof one was an ancient earl of the realm, the other also an ancient baron of the same, and others of the council of her state […]

Synonyms

• too
• eke
• as well

Usage notes

The adverb also can go in various places within a sentence, with minimal change of meaning.

Translations

Anagrams

• ASLO, LAOS, LOAs, Laos, Loas, Salo, loas, salo, soal, sola

German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??alzo?/

Conjunction

also (coordinating)

1. so, therefore

Adverb

also

1. then (Used to connect a sentence with previous information.)

2. Used to introduce additional information about something previously mentioned.

3. (dated) thus
   • 1883 - 1885, Nietzsche, Friedrich, Also sprach Zarathustra, (title):

Interjection

also

1. alright (Indicates agreement with something.)

2. so (Used as a lead-in or to start a new topic.)

3. Used to resume an interrupted train of thought.

4. An intensifier, indicates an emotional connection to the statement.

Derived terms

• na also

Further reading

• “also” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Luxembourgish

Etymology

From German also.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?alzo/, [??lzo]

Adverb

also

1. so
2. thus, therefore

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch als?, from al + s?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?al?zo?/

Adverb

alsô

1. so, thus
2. also, to the same degree

Related terms

• alse

Descendants

• Dutch: alzo

Further reading

• “also (I)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• “also (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929) , “also (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, ?ISBN, page I
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929) , “also (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, ?ISBN, page II

Old Dutch

Etymology

From al +? s?.

Adverb

also

1. so, thus
2. so, to that degree
3. therefore

Descendants

• Middle Dutch: also
  • Dutch: alzo

Further reading

• “als? (I)”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Conjunction

als?

1. as, like
2. as if
3. when
4. because
5. so that

Descendants

• Middle Dutch: alse
  • Dutch: als

Further reading

• “als? (II)”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Saterland Frisian

Adverb

also

1. so; thus; therefore; accordingly
2. for that reason; hence

Tagalog

Noun

also

1. silver-spotted gray snapper (Lutianus argentimaculatus)

Volapük

Adverb

also

1. so
2. thus

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: th?s, IPA^(key): /?ð?s/
• Rhymes: -?s

Etymology 1

From Middle English thus, thous, thos, from Old English þus (“thus, in this way, as follows, in this manner, to this extent”), from Proto-West Germanic *þus (“so, thus”), perhaps originally from a variant of the instrumental form of this, related to Old English þ?s (“by this, with this”), Old Saxon thius (“by this, with this”). Cognate with Scots thus (“thus”), North Frisian aldoz (“thus”), West Frisian dus (“thus”), Dutch dus (“thus, so”), Low German sus (“thus, hence”).

Adverb

thus (not comparable)

1. (manner) In this way or manner.
2. (conjunctive) As a result.

Synonyms

• (in this way): as such, like so, like this, so, thusly; See also Thesaurus:thus
• (as a result): as such, before, consequently, hence, so, therefore; See also Thesaurus:therefore

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 2

Noun

thus (uncountable)

1. Alternative spelling of thuris

Anagrams

• Hust, STHU, Tush, huts, shut, tush

Latin

Alternative forms

• t?s

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ???? (thúos, “burnt offering, holocaust”), from ??? (thú?).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /t?u?s/, [t??u?s?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /tus/, [t?us]

Noun

th?s n (genitive th?ris); third declension

1. incense, frankincense

Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

Synonyms

• libanus (Late Latin)

Descendants

• ? Middle Irish: túis
  • Irish: túis

See also

• th?mi?ma

References

• thus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• thus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• thus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• thus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette