different between after vs indexphp
after
English
Etymology
From Middle English after, from Old English æfter, from Proto-Germanic *after, *aftiri, from Proto-Indo-European *h?epotero- (“further behind, further away”), from *h?epo (“off, away”).
Cognate with Scots efter (“after”), North Frisian efter (“after, behind”), West Frisian after, achter, efter (“behind; after”), Low German/Dutch achter (“behind”), German after- (“after-”), Swedish/Danish efter (“after”), Norwegian etter (“after”), Icelandic eftir (“after”), aftur (“back, again”).
The Irish usage to indicate recent completion of an activity is a calque of the Irish collocation Táim tar éis... (“I have just...”).
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /?æf.t?(?)/, (trap-bath split) /???f.t?(?)/
- (General American) IPA(key): /?æf.t?/
- Hyphenation: af?ter
Adverb
after (not comparable)
- Behind; later in time; following.
Derived terms
Translations
Preposition
after
- Subsequently to; following in time; later than.
- Behind.
- In pursuit of, seeking.
- In allusion to, in imitation of; following or referencing.
- 1735, The Sportsman's Dictionary
- Work your horse in a calade, after the Italian way; ride him straight, and then you make good use of the calade.
- 1735, The Sportsman's Dictionary
- Next in importance or rank.
- As a result of.
- In spite of.
- I can't believe that, after all our advice against gambling, you walked into that casino!
- (Ireland, usually preceded by a form of be, followed by an -ing form of a verb) Used to indicate recent completion of an activity
- (dated) According to an author or text.
- Denoting the aim or object; concerning; in relation to.
- to look after workmen; to enquire after a friend; to thirst after righteousness
- (obsolete) According to the direction and influence of; in proportion to; befitting.
- 1623, Francis Bacon, A Discourse of a War with Spain
- He takes greatness of kingdoms according to bulk and currency, and not after their intrinsic value.
- 1623, Francis Bacon, A Discourse of a War with Spain
Usage notes
- The Irish English usage example is equivalent to "I had just finished my dinner when […] .".
Synonyms
- post
Derived terms
Translations
Conjunction
after
- Signifies that the action of the clause it starts takes place before the action of the other clause.
- 1991, Donald "Shadow" Rimgale (character), Robert DeNiro (actor), Backdraft
- So you punched out a window for ventilation. Was that before or after you noticed you were standing in a lake of gasoline?
- 1991, Donald "Shadow" Rimgale (character), Robert DeNiro (actor), Backdraft
Translations
Adjective
after
- (dated) Later; second (of two); next, following, subsequent
- 1834, David Crockett, A Narrative of the Life of, Nebraska 1987, page 72:
- I did verily believe in my own mind, that I couldn't fight in that way at all; but my after experience convinced me that this was all a notion.
- 1886, Thomas Hardy, The Mayor of Casterbridge
- The amends he had made in after life were lost sight of in the dramatic glare of the original act.
- 1834, David Crockett, A Narrative of the Life of, Nebraska 1987, page 72:
- (nautical, where the frame of reference is within the ship) At or towards the stern of a ship.
Usage notes
- As shown in the examples above, the adverb in this nautical usage is aft and the related preposition is abaft.
Derived terms
- afterness
- after-party
Related terms
- aft
- abaft
- eft
References
- Andrea Tyler and Vyvyan Evans, "Spatial particles of orientation", in The Semantics of English Prepositions: Spatial Scenes, Embodied Meaning and Cognition, Cambridge University Press, 2003, 0-521-81430 8
Anagrams
- aftre, frate, freat, freta, rafte, trafe
German
Etymology
From Middle High German after, from Old High German after.
Preposition
after (governs the dative)
- (chiefly Early New High German) after
- 1853, Gustav Eduard Benseler, Geschichte Freibergs und seines Bergbaues. Erste Abtheilung, Freiberg, pg. 251:
- Nun fragte der Forderer weiter an: wer irgend einen von ihnen after dem Tage hause oder hofe, d. h. zu Hause oder Hofe beherberge, wie der ihm zu Rechte bestanden sein. [...] Auf die fernere Frage des Forderers: ob er ihrer einen after dem Tage ansichtig werde, wie oder mit wem er sie aufhalten sollte, erklärte man ihm […]
- 1853, Gustav Eduard Benseler, Geschichte Freibergs und seines Bergbaues. Erste Abtheilung, Freiberg, pg. 251:
Middle Dutch
Preposition
after
- (Holland) Alternative form of achter
Adverb
after
- (Holland) Alternative form of achter
Middle High German
Etymology
From Old High German after.
Preposition
after (+ dative)
- after
Old High German
Alternative forms
- aftar, efter
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *after, whence also Old English æfter, Old Norse aptr. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h?epótero- (“further behind, further away”), comparative form of *apo- (“off, behind”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?af.ter/
Preposition
after (+ dative)
- after
- according to, in
Adverb
after
- behind
- after
- back
References
- Joseph Wright, An Old High German Primer
Scots
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?af?n/
Etymology 1
Adjective
after
- comparative degree of aft
Etymology 2
Adverb
after (comparative aftener, superlative aftenest)
- often, frequently
References
- Eagle, Andy, ed. (2016) The Online Scots Dictionary, Scots Online.
Spanish
Etymology
From English after[-party].
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?afte?/, [?af.t?e?]
Noun
after m (plural afters)
- after-party
- late-night bar
West Frisian
Preposition
after
- Alternative form of achter
after From the web:
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- what after naruto shippuden
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