different between affection vs spirit

English

Etymology

From Middle English affection, affeccion, affeccioun, from Old French affection, from Latin affecti?nem, from affecti?; see affect.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??f?k??n/
• Hyphenation: af?fec?tion
• Rhymes: -?k??n

Noun

affection (countable and uncountable, plural affections)

1. The act of affecting or acting upon.
2. The state of being affected, especially: a change in, or alteration of, the emotional state of a person or other animal, caused by a subjective affect (a subjective feeling or emotion), which arises in response to a stimulus which may result from either thought or perception.
3. An attribute; a quality or property; a condition.
   • 1756, Robert Simson, Euclid's Elements

     A Porism is a proposition in which it is proposed to demonstrate that some one thing, or more things than one, are given, to which, as also to each of innumerable other things, not given indeed, but which have the same relation to those which are given, it is to be shewn that there belongs some common affection described in the proposition.

4. An emotion; a feeling or natural impulse acting upon and swaying the mind.
   • 1905, John C. Ager (translator), Emanuel Swedenborg, Heaven and Hell Chapter 27

     It is known that each individual has a variety of affections, one affection when in joy, another when in grief, another when in sympathy and compassion, another when in sincerity and truth, another when in love and charity, another when in zeal or in anger, another when in simulation and deceit, another when in quest of honor and glory, and so on.

5. A feeling of love or strong attachment.
   • 1908, Gorge Bernard Shaw, Getting Married/Spurious "Natural" Affection

     What is more, they are protected from even such discomfort as the dislike of his prisoners may cause to a gaoler by the hypnotism of the convention that the natural relation between husband and wife and parent and child is one of intense affection, and that to feel any other sentiment towards a member of one's family is to be a monster.

   • 1813, Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice Chapter 61

     Mr. Bennet missed his second daughter exceedingly; his affection for her drew him oftener from home than anything else could do. He delighted in going to Pemberley, especially when he was least expected.

6. (medicine, archaic) Disease; morbid symptom; malady.
   • 1907, The Medical Brief (volume 35, page 840)

     A heavy clay soil is bad for all neuralgics, and the house should be dry, and on a sandy or gravel soil. The desideratum for all neuralgic affections is perpetual summer […]

Usage notes

In the sense of "feeling of love or strong attachment", it is often in the plural; formerly followed by "to", but now more generally by "for" or "toward(s)", for example filial, social, or conjugal affections; to have an affection for or towards children

Synonyms

• (kind feeling): attachment, fondness, kindness, love, passion, tenderness

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Verb

affection (third-person singular simple present affections, present participle affectioning, simple past and past participle affectioned)

1. (now rare) To feel affection for. [from 16th c.]
   • 1764, Horace Walpole, The Castle of Otranto, V:

     Why, truth is truth, I do not think my lady Isabella ever much affectioned my young lord, your son: yet he was a sweet youth as one should see.

Translations

Further reading

• affection at OneLook Dictionary Search
• affection in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• affection in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin affecti?, affecti?nem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.f?k.sj??/

Noun

affection f (plural affections)

1. affection, love, fondness
2. medical condition, complaint, disease

Further reading

• “affection” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Scots

Noun

affection (plural affections)

1. affection

References

• Eagle, Andy, ed. (2016) The Online Scots Dictionary, Scots Online.

English

Etymology

From Middle English spirit, from Old French espirit (“spirit”), from Latin sp?ritus (“breath; spirit”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)peys- (“to blow, breathe”). Compare inspire, respire, transpire, all ultimately from Latin sp?r? (“I breathe, blow, respire”). Displaced native Middle English gast (“spirit”) (from Old English g?st (“spirit, ghost”)), whence modern English ghost. Doublet of sprite.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?sp???t/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?spi??t/, /?sp???t/
• Rhymes: -???t
• Hyphenation: spir?it

Noun

spirit (countable and uncountable, plural spirits)

1. The soul of a person or other creature. What moves through experience into self-definition as souls purpose.
3. A supernatural being, often but not exclusively without physical form; ghost, fairy, angel.

   A wandering spirit haunts the island.

   • 1693, John Locke, Some Thoughts Concerning Education

     Whilst young, preserve his tender mind from all impressions and notions of spirits and goblins […] in the dark.
4. Enthusiasm.

5. The manner or style of something.
6. (usually in the plural) A volatile liquid, such as alcohol. The plural form spirits is a generic term for distilled alcoholic beverages.
7. Energy; ardour.
   • 1655, Thomas Fuller, The Church History of Britain

     "Write it then, quickly," replied Bede; and summoning all his spirits together, like the last blaze of a candle going out, he indited it, and expired.

8. One who is vivacious or lively; one who evinces great activity or peculiar characteristics of mind or temper.

   a ruling spirit; a schismatic spirit

   • 1697, John Dryden, Aeneid

     Such spirits as he desired to please, such would I choose for my judges.

9. Temper or disposition of mind; mental condition or disposition; intellectual or moral state; often in the plural.

   to be cheerful, or in good spirits; to be down-hearted, or in bad spirits

   • 1667, Robert South, Sermon VII

     God has […] made a spirit of building succeed a spirit of pulling down.

10. (obsolete) Air set in motion by breathing; breath; hence, sometimes, life itself.
11. (obsolete) A rough breathing; an aspirate, such as the letter h; also, a mark denoting aspiration.
    • 1640, Ben Jonson, The English Grammar

      Be it a letter or spirit, we have great use of it.

12. Intent; real meaning; opposed to the letter, or formal statement.

    the spirit of an enterprise, or of a document

13. (alchemy, obsolete) Any of the four substances: sulphur, sal ammoniac, quicksilver, and arsenic (or, according to some, orpiment).

    • the foure spirites and the bodyes seven

14. (dyeing) Stannic chloride.

Derived terms

Pages starting with “spirit”.

Translations

See also

• ghost
• soul

Verb

spirit (third-person singular simple present spirits, present participle spiriting, simple past and past participle spirited)

1. To carry off, especially in haste, secrecy, or mystery.
   • 1835, Nathaniel Parker Willis, Pencillings by the Way:

     I felt as if I had been spirited into some castle of felicity.

2. Sometimes followed by up: to animate with vigour; to excite; to encourage; to inspirit.

Derived terms

• spirit away
• spirit off

Anagrams

• Tripis, pitris

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch spirit, from English spirit, from Middle English spirit, from Old French espirit (“spirit”), from Latin sp?ritus (“breath; spirit”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)peys- (“to blow, breathe”). Doublet of spiritus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?spir?t??]
• Hyphenation: spi?rit

Noun

spirit (plural spirit-spirit, first-person possessive spiritku, second-person possessive spiritmu, third-person possessive spiritnya)

1. spirit:
   1. the soul of a person or other creature. What moves through experience into self-definition as souls purpose.

      Synonyms: arwah, atma, jiwa, hidup, kehidupan, nyawa, roh, sukma

   2. a supernatural being, often but not exclusively without physical form; ghost, fairy, angel.

      Synonyms: arwah, roh

   3. (figuratively) enthusiasm, energy; ardour.

      Synonyms: roh, semangat, spirit

Related terms

Further reading

• “spirit” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin spiritus. Compare also spiridu?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?spirit/

Noun

spirit n (plural spirite)

1. spirit, ghost
2. essence, psyche
3. wit, genius
4. manner, style

Declension

Synonyms

• (spirit, ghost): duh

Related terms

• spiridu?

See also

• n?luc?, stafie, spectru, apari?ie, fantom?

Tok Pisin

Etymology

English spirit

Noun

spirit

1. spirit (physical form of God)