different between adverse vs contentious
adverse
English
Etymology
First attested around 1374, from Old French avers (French adverse), from Latin adversus (“turned against”), past participle of advertere, from ad- (“to”) + vertere (“to turn”). See also versus.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?æd.v?(?)s/, /?d?v?(?)s/
Adjective
adverse (comparative adverser, superlative adversest)
- Unfavorable; antagonistic in purpose or effect; hostile; actively opposing one's interests or wishes; contrary to one's welfare; acting against; working in an opposing direction.
- adverse criticism
- 1829, Robert Southey, Sir Thomas More; or, Colloquies on the Progress and Prospects of Society
- Happy were it for us all if we bore prosperity as well and wisely as we endure an adverse fortune.
- Opposed; contrary; opposing one's interests or desire.
- (not comparable) Opposite; confronting.
- 1809, Lord Byron, English Bards and Scotch Reviewers, Google Books
- Calpe's adverse height / […] must greet my sight
- 1809, Lord Byron, English Bards and Scotch Reviewers, Google Books
Usage notes
Adverse is sometimes confused with averse, though the meanings are somewhat different. Adverse most often refers to things, denoting something that is in opposition to someone's interests — something one might refer to as an adversity or adversary — (adverse winds; an attitude adverse to our ideals). Averse usually refers to people, and implies one has a distaste, disinclination, or aversion toward something (a leader averse to war; an investor averse to risk taking). Averse is most often used with "to" in a construction like "I am averse to…". Adverse shows up less often in this type of construction, describing a person instead of a thing, and should carry a meaning of "actively opposed to" rather than "has an aversion to".
Derived terms
- adversely
- adverseness
- adverse possession
- adverse yaw
Antonyms
- proverse
Related terms
- adversary
- adversative
- adversity
- versus
Translations
See also
- averse
Anagrams
- Deavers, Deveras, aversed, dreaves, evaders, re-saved, resaved, veredas
French
Etymology
From Latin adversus (“against, opposite”).
Adjective
adverse (plural adverses)
- adverse
Further reading
- “adverse” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Anagrams
- déversa
Latin
Participle
adverse
- vocative masculine singular of adversus
References
- adverse in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- adverse in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
Spanish
Verb
adverse
- First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of adversar.
- Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of adversar.
- Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted?) present subjunctive form of adversar.
- Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of adversar.
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contentious
English
Etymology
From Middle French contentieux, from Latin contenti?sus (“quarrelsome, perverse”), from contenti? (“contention”), from contendere, past participle contentus (“to contend”); see contend.
Pronunciation
- (UK, US) IPA(key): /k?n?t?n.??s/
Adjective
contentious (comparative more contentious, superlative most contentious)
- Marked by heated arguments or controversy.
- Given to struggling with others out of jealousy or discord.
Synonyms
- See also Thesaurus:quarrelsome
- See also Thesaurus:combative
Derived terms
- contentiously
- contentiousness
- uncontentious
Related terms
- contend
- contender
- contention
Translations
References
- contentious in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- contentious in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
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