different between adjunct vs concomitant

English

Etymology

From Latin adiunctus, perfect passive participle of adiung? (“join to”), from ad + iung? (“join”). Doublet of adjoint.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?æd?.??kt/
• Hyphenation: ad?junct

Noun

adjunct (plural adjuncts)

1. An appendage; something attached to something else in a subordinate capacity.
2. A person associated with another, usually in a subordinate position; a colleague.
   • 1641, Henry Wotton, A Parallel between Robert late Earl of Essex and George late Duke of Buckingham

     Lord Cottington (as an adjunct of singular experience and trust)

3. (brewing) An unmalted grain or grain product that supplements the main mash ingredient.
4. (dated, metaphysics) A quality or property of the body or mind, whether natural or acquired, such as colour in the body or judgement in the mind.
5. (music) A key or scale closely related to another as principal; a relative or attendant key.
6. (grammar) A dispensable phrase in a clause or sentence that amplifies its meaning, such as "for a while" in "I typed for a while".
7. (syntax, X-bar theory) A constituent which is both the daughter and the sister of an X-bar.

   • We can see from (34) that Determiners are sisters of N-bar and daughters of
     N-double-bar; Adjuncts are both sisters and daughters of N-bar; and Comple-
     ments are sisters of N and daughters of N-bar. This means that Adjuncts re-
     semble Complements in that both are daughters of N-bar; but they differ from
     Complements in that Adjuncts are sisters of N-bar, whereas Complements are
     sisters of N. Likewise, it means that Adjuncts resemble Determiners in that
     both are sisters of N-bar, but they differ from Determiners in that Adjuncts
     are daughters of N-bar, whereas Determiners are daughters of N-double-bar.

8. (rhetoric) Symploce.
9. (category theory) One of a pair of morphisms which relate to each other through a pair of adjoint functors.

Synonyms

• (something attached to something else): addition, supplement; See also Thesaurus:adjunct
• (person associated with another): See also Thesaurus:associate (colleague) or Thesaurus:attendant (subordinate)

Derived terms

• adjuncthood
• adjunction
• adjunctive

Translations

Adjective

adjunct (comparative more adjunct, superlative most adjunct)

1. Connected in a subordinate function.
2. Added to a faculty or staff in a secondary position.

Translations

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch adjoinct, from Latin adiunctus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??dj??kt/, /?t?j??kt/
• Hyphenation: ad?junct
• Rhymes: -??kt

Noun

adjunct m (plural adjuncten)

1. An adjunct, a subordinate person, esp. an attendant of a government official.

Related terms

• adjunct-directeur

Romanian

Etymology

From German Adjunkt or Latin adjunctus

Adjective

adjunct m or n (feminine singular adjunct?, masculine plural adjunc?i, feminine and neuter plural adjuncte)

1. deputy

Declension

English

Etymology

First attested 1607; from Middle French concomitant, from Latin concomit?ns, the present participle of concomitor (“I accompany”), from con- (“together”) + comitor (“I accompany”), from comes (“companion”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /k?n?k?m?t?nt/
• (US) IPA^(key): /k?n?k??m?t?nt/

Adjective

concomitant (not comparable)

1. Accompanying; conjoining; attending; concurrent. [from early 17th c.]

   Synonyms: accompanying, adjoining, attendant, incidental

   • 1970, Alvin Toffler, Future Shock, Bantam Books, pg. 41:

     The new technology on which super-industrialism is based, much of it blue-printed in American research laboratories, brings with it an inevitable acceleration of change in society and a concomitant speed-up of the pace of individual life as well.

   • 2005, Alpha Chiang and Kevin Wainwright, Fundamental Methods of Mathematical Economics (4th ed.), McGraw-Hill International, p. 501

     With technological improvement, therefore, it will become possible, in a succession of steady states, to have a larger and larger amount of capital equipment available to each representative worker in the economy, with a concomitant rise in productivity.

Translations

Noun

concomitant (plural concomitants)

1. Something happening or existing at the same time.

   Synonyms: accompaniment, co-occurrence

   • 1900, James Strachey (translator), Sigmund Freud, The Interpretation of Dreams, Avon Books, pg. 301:

     It is also instructive to consider the relation of these dreams to anxiety dreams. In the dreams we have been discussing, a repressed wish has found a means of evading censorship—and the distortion which censorship involves. The invariable concomitant is that painful feelings are experienced in the dream.

   • 1970, Alvin Toffler, Future Shock, Bantam Books, pg.93

     The declining commitment to place is thus related not to mobility per se, but to a concomitant of mobility- the shorter duration of place relationships.

2. (algebra) An invariant homogeneous polynomial in the coefficients of a form, a covariant variable, and a contravariant variable.

Synonyms

• divariant

Related terms

• concomitance
• concomitantly
• concomitate

References

• “concomitant”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin concomit?ns, the present participle of Latin concomitor (“I accompany”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /k??.k?.mi.t??/

Adjective

concomitant (feminine singular concomitante, masculine plural concomitants, feminine plural concomitantes)

1. concomitant

Further reading

• “concomitant” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).