different between adjunct vs complementary

English

Etymology

From Latin adiunctus, perfect passive participle of adiung? (“join to”), from ad + iung? (“join”). Doublet of adjoint.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?æd?.??kt/
• Hyphenation: ad?junct

Noun

adjunct (plural adjuncts)

1. An appendage; something attached to something else in a subordinate capacity.
2. A person associated with another, usually in a subordinate position; a colleague.
   • 1641, Henry Wotton, A Parallel between Robert late Earl of Essex and George late Duke of Buckingham

     Lord Cottington (as an adjunct of singular experience and trust)

3. (brewing) An unmalted grain or grain product that supplements the main mash ingredient.
4. (dated, metaphysics) A quality or property of the body or mind, whether natural or acquired, such as colour in the body or judgement in the mind.
5. (music) A key or scale closely related to another as principal; a relative or attendant key.
6. (grammar) A dispensable phrase in a clause or sentence that amplifies its meaning, such as "for a while" in "I typed for a while".
7. (syntax, X-bar theory) A constituent which is both the daughter and the sister of an X-bar.

   • We can see from (34) that Determiners are sisters of N-bar and daughters of
     N-double-bar; Adjuncts are both sisters and daughters of N-bar; and Comple-
     ments are sisters of N and daughters of N-bar. This means that Adjuncts re-
     semble Complements in that both are daughters of N-bar; but they differ from
     Complements in that Adjuncts are sisters of N-bar, whereas Complements are
     sisters of N. Likewise, it means that Adjuncts resemble Determiners in that
     both are sisters of N-bar, but they differ from Determiners in that Adjuncts
     are daughters of N-bar, whereas Determiners are daughters of N-double-bar.

8. (rhetoric) Symploce.
9. (category theory) One of a pair of morphisms which relate to each other through a pair of adjoint functors.

Synonyms

• (something attached to something else): addition, supplement; See also Thesaurus:adjunct
• (person associated with another): See also Thesaurus:associate (colleague) or Thesaurus:attendant (subordinate)

Derived terms

• adjuncthood
• adjunction
• adjunctive

Translations

Adjective

adjunct (comparative more adjunct, superlative most adjunct)

1. Connected in a subordinate function.
2. Added to a faculty or staff in a secondary position.

Translations

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch adjoinct, from Latin adiunctus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??dj??kt/, /?t?j??kt/
• Hyphenation: ad?junct
• Rhymes: -??kt

Noun

adjunct m (plural adjuncten)

1. An adjunct, a subordinate person, esp. an attendant of a government official.

Related terms

• adjunct-directeur

Romanian

Etymology

From German Adjunkt or Latin adjunctus

Adjective

adjunct m or n (feminine singular adjunct?, masculine plural adjunc?i, feminine and neuter plural adjuncte)

1. deputy

Declension

English

Etymology

complement +? -ary

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?k?mpl???m?nt(?)?i/
• (General American) enPR: k?m'pl?-m?n?t?-r?, -tr?, IPA^(key): /?k?mpl???m?nt(?)?i/
• Homophone: complimentary
• Rhymes: -?nt??i, -?nt?i
• Hyphenation: com?ple?men?ta?ry

Adjective

complementary (comparative more complementary, superlative most complementary)

1. Acting as a complement; making up a whole with something else.

   • Using the terminology we intro-
     duced earlier, we might then say that black and white squares are in comple-
     mentary distribution on a chess-board. By this we mean two things: firstly,
     black squares and white squares occupy different positions on the board: and
     secondly, the black and white squares complement each other in the sense that
     the black squares together with the white squares comprise the total set of 64
     squares found on the board (i.e. there is no square on the board which is not
     either black or white).

2. (genetics) Of the specific pairings of the bases in DNA and RNA.
3. (physics) Pertaining to pairs of properties in quantum mechanics that are inversely related to each other, such as speed and position, or energy and time. (See also Heisenberg uncertainty principle.)

Usage notes

• Complementary and complimentary are frequently confused and misused in place of one another.

Derived terms

Related terms

• complemental

Translations

Noun

complementary (plural complementaries)

1. A complementary colour.
2. (obsolete) One skilled in compliments.
3. An angle which adds with another to equal 90 degrees.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Ben Jonson to this entry?)

Translations

Further reading

• complementary in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• complementary in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.