different between acre vs virgate
acre
English
Alternative forms
- aker (archaic)
- acer (-er form, chiefly UK)
Etymology
From Middle English acre, aker, from Old English æcer (“field where crops are grown”), from Proto-West Germanic *ak(k)r, from Proto-Germanic *akraz (“field”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?é?ros (“field”).
Cognate with Scots acre, aker, acker (“acre, field, arable land”), North Frisian ecir (“field, a measure of land”), West Frisian eker (“field”), Dutch akker (“field”), German Acker (“field, acre”), Norwegian åker (“field”) and Swedish åker (“field”), Icelandic akur (“field”), Latin ager (“land, field, acre, countryside”), Ancient Greek ????? (agrós, “field”), Sanskrit ???? (ájra, “field, plain”).
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) enPR: ??k?, IPA(key): /?e?.k?/
- (General American) enPR: ??k?r, IPA(key): /?e?.k?/
- Rhymes: -e?k?(?)
Noun
acre (plural acres)
- An English unit of land area (symbol: a. or ac.) originally denoting a day's plowing for a yoke of oxen, now standardized as 4,840 square yards or 4,046.86 square meters.
- (Chester, historical) An area of 10,240 square yards or 4 quarters.
- Any of various similar units of area in other systems.
- (informal, usually in the plural) A wide expanse.
- (informal, usually in the plural) A large quantity.
- (obsolete) A field.
- (obsolete) The acre's breadth by the length, English units of length equal to the statute dimensions of the acre: 22 yds (?20 m) by 220 yds (?200 m).
- (obsolete) A duel fought between individual Scots and Englishmen in the borderlands.
Synonyms
- (approximate): day's math, demath
- (Egyptian): feddan
- (Dutch): morgen
- (French): arpent, arpen, pose
- (India): cawney, cawny, bigha
- (Ireland): Irish acre, collop, plantation acre
- (Roman): juger, jugerum
- (Scottish): Scottish acre, Scots acre, Scotch acre, acair
- (Wales): Welsh acre, cover, cyfair, erw, stang
Hypernyms
- (100 carucates, notionally) See hundred
- (the area able to be plowed by 8 oxen in a year) See carucate
- (the area able to be plowed by two oxen in a year) See virgate
- (the area able to be plowed by an ox in a year) See oxgang
- (the area able to be plowed by an ox in half a season) See nook
- (the area able to be plowed by an ox in 1?4 a season) See fardel
- (10 acres, prob. spurious) acreme
Hyponyms
- (1?4 acre) See rood
- (1?160 acre) lug, perch, (now chiefly Scottish) fall
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
- ? Irish: acra
- Norwegian Bokmål: acre
Translations
References
- Robert Holland, M.R.A.C., A Glossary of Words Used in the County of Chester, Part I--A to F., English Dialect Society, London, 1884, 3
See also
- international acre
- north forty
- US survey acre
- Weights and measures
- Wikipedia article on the acre
- Hufe
References
Anagrams
- -care, CERA, Care, Cera, Crea, Race, acer, care, e-car, race, race-
French
Etymology
Probably from Old Norse akr reenforced by Old English æcer (“a field, land, that which is sown, sown land, cultivated land; a definite quantity of land, land which a yoke of oxen could plough in a day, an acre, a certain quantity of land, strip of plough-land; crop”) .
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ak?/
Noun
acre f (plural acres)
- (historical) acre
Further reading
- “acre” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Anagrams
- âcre, care, créa, race
Italian
Etymology
From Latin ?cre, neuter nominative singular of ?cer (“sharp”). Doublet of agro.
Adjective
acre (plural acri)
- sharp, sour
- harsh
Related terms
Anagrams
- care, cera, c'era, crea, reca
Latin
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /?a?.kre/, [?ä?k??]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /?a.kre/, [???k??]
Adjective
?cre
- neuter nominative/accusative/vocative singular of ?cer
References
- acre in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- acre in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
- acre in Richard Stillwell et al., editor (1976) The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press
Norman
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
acre f (plural acres)
- (Jersey) acre
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From English acre, from Middle English acre, aker (“field, acre”), from Old English æcer (“field where crops are grown, acre”), from Proto-West Germanic *ak(k)r (“field, open land”), from Proto-Germanic *akraz (“field, open land”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?é?ros (“field, pasturage”), possibly from *h?e?- (“to drive”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?æ?k?r/
- Rhymes: -?r
- Hyphenation: a?cre
- Homophone: eiker
Noun
acre m (definite singular acren, indefinite plural acre or acres, definite plural acrene)
- an acre (an English unit of land area (symbol: ac.) originally denoting a day's plowing for a yoke of oxen, now standardized as 4,840 square yards or 4,046.86 square meters)
References
- “acre” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
- “acre” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
- “acre” in Store norske leksikon
Anagrams
- race
Old Irish
Noun
acre n
- Alternative spelling of acrae
Mutation
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /?a.k??/
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /?a.k?i/
- (South Brazil) IPA(key): /?a.k?e/
- Homophone: Acre
- Hyphenation: a?cre
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Latin ?cre, neuter nominative singular of ?cer (“sharp”), from Proto-Indo-European *h??rós (“sharp”). Doublet of agre, agro, ágrio.
Alternative forms
- agre
Adjective
acre m or f (plural acres, comparable)
- sharp (unpleasantly acrid or tart in taste)
Etymology 2
Borrowed from English acre, from Middle English acre, aker, from Old English æcer, from Proto-West Germanic *ak(k)r, from Proto-Germanic *akraz (“field”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?é?ros (“field”). Doublet of agro.
Noun
acre m (plural acres)
- acre (unit of surface area)
Romanian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?a.kre/
Adjective
acre
- feminine/neuter plural nominative/accusative of acru
Scots
Alternative forms
- aker, acker
Etymology
From Middle English aker, from Old English æcer (“field; acre”). Cognate with English acre; see there for more.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [?ek?r], [?j?k?r]
- (South Scots) IPA(key): [?ak?r], [??k?r]
Noun
acre (plural acres)
- An acre (unit of measurement)
Usage notes
The plural is acre when following a numeral.
Verb
acre (third-person singular present acres, present participle acrin, past acrit, past participle acrit)
- To let grain crops be harvested at a stated sum per acre.
- To be employed in harvesting grain crops at a stated sum per acre.
References
- Eagle, Andy, ed. (2016) The Online Scots Dictionary, Scots Online.
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?ak?e/, [?a.k?e]
Etymology 1
From Latin ?cer (genitive singular ?cris). Cf. also agrio.
Adjective
acre (plural acres)
- bitter; acrid; pungent
- caustic
Derived terms
- acremente
Related terms
Etymology 2
Borrowed from English acre. Doublet of agro.
Noun
acre m (plural acres)
- acre
Anagrams
- arce, caer, cera, crea
Further reading
- “acre” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.
acre From the web:
- = 4046.85642 m^2
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virgate
English
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Latin virg?ta. Doublet of vergée.
Pronunciation
- (US) IPA(key): /v????e?t/, /?v???t/
- (UK) IPA(key): /?v????t/
Noun
virgate (plural virgates)
- (historical) The yardland: an obsolete English land measure usually comprising 1?4 of a hide and notionally equal to 30 acres.
Usage notes
The hide was originally intended to represent the amount of land farmed by a single household but was primarily connected to obligations owed to the Saxon and Norman kings and thus varied greatly from place to place. Around the time of the Domesday Book under the Normans, the hide was usually but not always the land expected to produce £1 (1 Tower pound of sterling silver) in income over the year, meaning the yardland was expected to produce five shillings (3 Tower ounces of sterling silver). In fact, the yardland became associated with its own obligations and thus also varied, in some places being reckoned as 1?6 of a hide rather than 1?4. Virgate is a later retronym used to distinguish the unit from the yard of 3 feet.
Synonyms
- yardland, yard, yard of land
Hypernyms
- (400 virgates) See hundred
- (4 virgates) See carucate
Hyponyms
- (1?2 virgate & for Scottish divisions): See oxgang
- (1?4 virgate): See nook
- (1?8 virgate): See fardel
- (various & for further subdivisions): See acre
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Latin virg?tus.
Pronunciation
- (US) IPA(key): /?v???t/
- (UK) IPA(key): /?v????t/
Adjective
virgate (comparative more virgate, superlative most virgate)
- Rod-shaped: straight, long, and thin, (particularly botany) the habitus of plants with straight, erect branches.
- (mycology) Finely striped, often with dark fibers.
Anagrams
- vitrage
Latin
Adjective
virg?te
- vocative masculine singular of virg?tus
virgate From the web:
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