different between abuse vs calumny

abuse

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English abusen, then from either Old French abus (improper use), or from Latin ab?sus (misused, using up), perfect active participle of ab?tor (make improper use of, consume, abuse), from ab (away) + ?tor (to use). Equivalent to ab- +? use.

Pronunciation

  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /??bju?s/
  • (General American) enPR: ?byo?os', IPA(key): /??bjus/
  • Hyphenation: ab?use

Noun

abuse (countable and uncountable, plural abuses)

  1. Improper treatment or usage; application to a wrong or bad purpose; an unjust, corrupt or wrongful practice or custom. [from around 1350 to 1470]
    Synonym: misuse
  2. Misuse; improper use; perversion. [from mid 16th c.]
    • 1788, Federalist, James Madison, Number 63
      Liberty may be endangered by the abuses of liberty, as well as by the abuses of power.
  3. (obsolete) A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception. [from mid 16th c. – mid 17th c.]
  4. Coarse, insulting speech; abusive language; language that unjustly or angrily vilifies. [from mid 16th c.]
    • 1950 February 11, Alhaji Na-Alhaji in Gaskiya Fa Ti Kwabo:
      But he and all the southerners who indulge in this abuse in the newspapers should realize that this will not enable us to find a solution to our problem but will merely aggravate it.
    Synonyms: invective, contumely, reproach, scurrility, insult, opprobrium
  5. (now rare) Catachresis. [from late 16th c.]
    Synonym: abusio
  6. Physical maltreatment; injury; cruel treatment. [from late 16th c.]
  7. Violation; defilement; rape; forcing of undesired sexual activity by one person on another, often on a repeated basis. [from late 16th c.]
Usage notes
  • (misuse, perversion): Typically followed by the word of.
Derived terms
Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English abusen, from Middle French abuser, from Latin ab?sus (misused, using up), perfect active participle of ab?tor (to use up, misuse, consume), from ab (from, away from) + ?tor (to use).

Pronunciation

  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /??bju?z/
  • (General American) IPA(key): /??bjuz/, enPR: ?byo?oz'
  • Hyphenation: abuse

Verb

abuse (third-person singular simple present abuses, present participle abusing, simple past and past participle abused)

  1. (transitive) To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to misuse; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert [from around 1350 to 1470.]
  2. (transitive) To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly. [from mid 16th c.]
    Synonyms: maltreat, injure
  3. (transitive) To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage. [from early 17th c.]
    Synonyms: revile, reproach, vilify, vituperate; see also Thesaurus:offend
    • 1991, Yakubu Yahaya, quoted in: 2001, Toyin Falola, Violence in Nigeria: The Crisis of Religious Politics and Secular Ideologies, p. 199:
      So we were angered by this and we could not tolerate this one because prophet Mohammed has been abused so many times in this country. Awolowo abused him sometimes ago saying that he was more successful and popular that[sic] Mohammed and Jesus.
  4. (transitive) To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually. [from mid 20th c.]
  5. (transitive, archaic) To violate; defile; to rape. [from around 1350 to 1470]
    (Can we find and add a quotation of Spenser to this entry?)
  6. (transitive, obsolete) Misrepresent; adulterate. [from around 1350 to 1470 – mid 18th c.]
  7. (transitive, obsolete) To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of. [from late 15th c. – early 19th c.]
    • 1651-2, Jeremy Taylor, "Sermon VI, The House of Feasting; or, The Epicures Measures", in The works of Jeremy Taylor, Volume 1, page 283 (1831), edited by Thomas Smart Hughes
      When Cyrus had espied Astyages and his fellows coming drunk from a banquet loaden with variety of follies and filthiness, their legs failing them, their eyes red and staring, cozened with a moist cloud and abused by a double object
  8. (transitive, obsolete, Scotland) Disuse. [from late 15th century – mid 16th c.]
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations

References

  • Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief; William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002) , “abuse”, in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford; New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, ?ISBN, page 10

Anagrams

  • aubes, beaus

French

Verb

abuse

  1. first-person singular present indicative of abuser
  2. third-person singular present indicative of abuser
  3. first-person singular present subjunctive of abuser
  4. third-person singular present subjunctive of abuser
  5. second-person singular imperative of abuser

Anagrams

  • aubes

Latin

Participle

ab?se

  1. vocative masculine singular of ab?sus

Portuguese

Verb

abuse

  1. first-person singular present subjunctive of abusar
  2. third-person singular present subjunctive of abusar
  3. first-person singular imperative of abusar
  4. third-person singular imperative of abusar

Spanish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /a?buse/, [a???u.se]

Verb

abuse

  1. Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of abusar.
  2. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of abusar.
  3. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of abusar.
  4. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted?) present subjunctive form of abusar.

abuse From the web:

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  • what abusers say
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  • what abuses were the railroads accused of


calumny

English

Etymology

From Late Middle English calumn?e (false accusation, slander; (law) objection raised in bad faith), borrowed from Old French calomnie (slander, calumny) (modern French calomnie), or directly from its etymon Latin calumnia (false statement, misrepresentation; false accusation, malicious charge), perhaps related to calvor (to deceive), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *?elh?- or *?h?l-. The English word is a doublet of challenge.

The verb is derived from French calomnier (to slander), from Late Latin calumni?re, from Latin calumpni?r?, calumni?r?, present active infinitive of calumnior (to blame unjustly, misrepresent, calumniate; (law) to accuse falsely, bring false information against), from calumnia (see above) + -or.

Pronunciation

  • Noun:
    • (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA(key): /?kæl?mni/
  • Verb:
    • (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA(key): /k??l?mni/
  • Hyphenation: ca?lum?ny

Noun

calumny (countable and uncountable, plural calumnies)

  1. (countable) A false accusation or charge brought to tarnish another's reputation or standing.
  2. (uncountable) Falsifications or misrepresentations intended to disparage or discredit another.
    Synonyms: calumniousness, defamation, obloquy, traducement, vilification; see also Thesaurus:slander

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

calumny (third-person singular simple present calumnies, present participle calumnying, simple past and past participle calumnied)

  1. (transitive, formal) To make false accusations or levy false charges against a person with the intent to tarnish that person's reputation or standing; to calumniate.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:defame

Translations

References

calumny From the web:

  • what calumny mean
  • calumny what is the definition
  • what is calumny catholic
  • what does calumny mean in english
  • what is calumny and detraction
  • what does calumny mean in the bible
  • what is calumny and slander
  • what does calumny
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