different between abstain vs abstentionism

English

Etymology

First attested around 1380. From Middle English absteynen, absteinen, abstenen, from Old French astenir, abstenir, from Latin abstine? (“to hold oneself back”) from abs- (“from”) + tene? (“I hold”). See also tenable.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?b?ste?n/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?b?ste?n/, /æb?ste?n/
• Rhymes: -e?n

Verb

abstain (third-person singular simple present abstains, present participle abstaining, simple past and past participle abstained)

1. (transitive, reflexive, obsolete) Keep or withhold oneself. [Attested from around 1350 to 1470 until the mid 16^th century.]
2. (intransitive) Refrain from (something or doing something); keep from doing, especially an indulgence. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]
   • 22 May 1948, United Nations, Security Council Resolution 49

     The Security Council […] calls upon all Governments and authorities, without prejudice to the rights, claims or positions of the parties concerned, to abstain from any hostile military action in Palestine and to that end to issue a cease-fire order to their military and paramilitary forces
3. (intransitive, obsolete) Fast (not eat for a period). [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]
4. (intransitive) Deliberately refrain from casting one's vote at a meeting where one is present. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.]

5. (transitive, obsolete) Hinder; keep back; withhold. [Attested from the early 16^th century until the mid 17^th century.]

Usage notes

• (keep or withhold oneself): Followed by the word from or of.
• (refrain from something): Followed by the word from.

Conjugation

Synonyms

• deny oneself
• forbear
• forgo
• give up
• refrain
• relinquish
• withhold

Derived terms

• abstainer
• abstention
• abstainment

Related terms

• abstinence
• abstinent

Translations

References

Anagrams

• Bastian, banitsa

Indonesian

Etymology

From English abstain, from Middle English absteynen, absteinen, abstenen, from Old French astenir, abstenir, from Latin abstine? (“to hold oneself back”) from abs- (“from”) + tene? (“I hold”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ap?stain/
• Hyphenation: ab?stain

Verb

abstain

1. to abstain:
   1. (politics) to deliberately refrain from casting one's vote at a meeting where one is present.
   2. (medicine) to refrain from (something or doing something), to fast.

      Synonym: puasa

Further reading

• “abstain” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

English

Etymology

French abstentionnisme. Equivalent to abstention +? -ism.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?b?st?n.?n?.?z.m?/
• (US) IPA^(key): /æb?st?n.?n?.?z.m?/, /æb?st?n.t??n?.?z.m?/, /?b?st?n.?n?.?z.m?/, /?b?st?n.t??n?.?z.m?/

Noun

abstentionism (countable and uncountable, plural abstentionisms)

1. A policy of abstaining or of the desirability of withholding one's vote or other participation with regard to some aspect of the political process. [First attested in the mid 20^th century.]

   Abstentionism is a manifestation of political independence.

Related terms

• abstentionist
• abstain

Translations

References