different between abrupt vs scrunt

English

Etymology

First attested in 1583. Borrowed from Latin abruptus (“broken off”), perfect passive participle of abrump? (“break off”), formed from ab (“from, away from”) + rump? (“to break”).

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /?.b??pt/, /æ?b??pt/
• Rhymes: -?pt

Adjective

abrupt (comparative more abrupt or abrupter, superlative most abrupt or abruptest)

1. (obsolete, rare) Broken away (from restraint). [Attested only in the late 16th century.]
2. Without notice to prepare the mind for the event; sudden; hasty; unceremonious. [First attested in the late 16th century.]
3. Curt in manner. [First attested in the late 16th century.]

   Synonyms: brusque, rude, uncivil, impolite
4. Having sudden transitions from one subject or state to another; unconnected; disjointed. [First attested in the late 16th century.]
   • 1641, Ben Jonson, Discoveries Made upon Men and Matter

     The abrupt style, which hath many breaches.

5. (obsolete) Broken off. [Attested from the early 17th century until the mid 18th century.]
6. Extremely steep or craggy as if broken up; precipitous. [First attested in the early 17th century.]

   • The mazy-running brook
     Forms a deep pool; this bank abrupt and high.
7. (botany) Suddenly terminating, as if cut off; truncate. [First attested in the early 19th century.]

   (Can we find and add a quotation of en to this entry?)

Synonyms

• (precipitous): broken, rough, rugged
• (without time to prepare): sudden; see also Thesaurus:sudden
• (uncivil): blunt, brusque
• (without transition): disconnected, unexpected

Translations

Verb

abrupt (third-person singular simple present abrupts, present participle abrupting, simple past and past participle abrupted)

1. (transitive, archaic) To tear off or asunder. [First attested in the mid 17th century.]
   • 1643, Thomas Browne, Religio Medici

     Till death abrupts them.

2. To interrupt suddenly. [First attested in the mid 17th century.]

Translations

Noun

abrupt (plural abrupts)

1. (poetic) Something which is abrupt; an abyss. [First attested in the mid 17th century.]

Translations

References

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin abruptus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.b?ypt/

Adjective

abrupt (feminine singular abrupte, masculine plural abrupts, feminine plural abruptes)

1. Extremely steep, near vertical.
2. Curt and abrupt.
3. Done or said forwardly and without caution to avoid shocking.

Derived terms

• abruptement

Further reading

• “abrupt” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

German

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin abruptus.

Pronunciation

Adjective

abrupt (comparative abrupter, superlative am abruptesten)

1. abrupt, suddenly
2. jerkingly

Declension

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Latin abruptus (“broken off”), perfect passive participle of abrump? (“break off”), formed from ab (“from, away from”) + rump? (“to break”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a?br?pt/
• Rhymes: -?pt
• Hyphenation: ab?rupt

Adjective

abrupt (neuter singular abrupt, definite singular and plural abrupte, comparative mer abrupt, superlative mest abrupt)

1. abrupt (having sudden transitions from one subject or state to another; unconnected; disjointed)

   abrupte setninger

   abrupt sentences

   abrupt tale

   abrupt speech

Synonyms

• plutselig (“suddenly”)
• brå (“abrupt”)

Derived terms

• abrupthet (“abruptness”)

References

• “abrupt” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “abrupt” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
• “abrupt” in Store norske leksikon

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French abrupt, Latin abruptus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a?brupt/

Adjective

abrupt m or n (feminine singular abrupt?, masculine plural abrup?i, feminine and neuter plural abrupte)

1. abrupt
2. extremely steep, near vertical

Declension

References

Swedish

Pronunciation

Adjective

abrupt

1. abrupt, sudden

Declension

Adverb

abrupt

1. suddenly

Synonyms

• plötsligt

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sk??nt/

Etymology 1

• Onomatopoetic

Noun

scrunt (plural scrunts)

1. An abrupt, high-pitched sound.
   • 1894, Robert Barr, "Held Up," McClure's Magazine, 1893-1894 Dec-May, p. 309:

     Just as they were in the roughest part of the mountains, there was a wild shriek of the whistle, a sudden scrunt of the air-brakes, and the train, with an abruptness that was just short of an accident, stopped.

   • 1901, David S. Meldrum, "The Conquest of Charlotte," Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, v.171, 1902 Jan-Jun, pg. 128:

     But Jess would not budge, and all of a sudden I sees a white flash in the dark, and hears a rattle of harness, and a scrunt in the shafts as Jess shook her head clear of the blow.

   • 2004, George Douglas Brown, The House with the Green Shutters, Kessinger Publishing, ?ISBN, pg. 243:

     They rose, and the scrunt of Janet's chair on the floor, when she pushed it behind her, sent a thrilling shiver through her body, so tense was her mood.

Etymology 2

Noun

scrunt (plural scrunts)

1. A beggar or destitute person.
   • 1938, James Bridie, The Last Trump, publ. Constable, pg. 29:

     It's a fine, ennobling thing, is poverty. It would make me a brutal scrunt, and you a whinging harridan in three years.

   • 1987, David Rabe, Hurlyburly: A Play, publ. Samuel French, Inc., ?ISBN, pg. 112:

     And without my work what am I but an unemployed scrunt on the meat market of the streets?

   • 2005, Ronan O'Donnell, The Doll Tower, ?ISBN, pg. 20:

     Not slum-dweller socialist but high-class fanny socialist. [...] Socialism that drinks wine - a single bottle costs a year's pay to a fuckin scrunt like Uxbridge.

Verb

scrunt (third-person singular simple present scrunts, present participle scrunting, simple past and past participle scrunted)

1. To beg or scrounge.
   • 1976, Alister Hughes, "Love Carefully," The Virgin Islands Daily News, Feb 2, 1976:

     On the other hand in countries where people scrunt to live, the birth rate is high.

   • 1979, Maurice Bishop, Selected Speeches, 1979-1981, Casa de las Américas, pg. 11:

     Four out of every five women are forced to stay at home or scrunt for a meagre existence.

   • 1996, Defining Ourselves: Black Writers in the 90s, publ. P. Lang, 1999, ?ISBN, pg. 69:

     As a woman of color living in the north of Metropole, anything that I did dig up I really had to scrunt for.