different between abatement vs decline

English

Etymology 1

From Middle French abatement, from Old French abatre. Equivalent to abate (“to beat down”) +? -ment (“the result of”).

Pronunciation

• (US, UK) IPA^(key): /??be?t.m?nt/

Noun

abatement (countable and uncountable, plural abatements)

1. The act of abating, or the state of being abated; a lessening, diminution, or reduction; a moderation; removal or putting an end to; the suppression of. [First attested from 1340 to 1470.]

   The abatement of a nuisance is the suppression thereof.

2. The amount abated; that which is taken away by way of reduction; deduction; decrease; a rebate or discount allowed; in particular from a tax. [Late 15^th century.]
3. (heraldry) A mark of dishonor on an escutcheon; any figure added to the coat of arms tending to lower the dignity or station of the bearer.[Early 17^th century.]

Synonyms

allowance, assuagement, declension, decline, decrease, deduction, depreciation, diminution, discount, drawback, ebb, evanishment, fading, lessening, lowering, mitigation, moderation, rebate, reduction, remission, settling, sinking, subsidence, waning

Antonyms

accession, accretion, aggrandizement, augmentation, development, dilation, enlargement, growth, increase, increment,

Derived terms

• defense in abatement
• plea in abatement

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English, from Anglo-Norman abatre (“to abate”) + -ment.

Noun

abatement (countable and uncountable, plural abatements)

1. (law) The action of a person that abates, or without proper authority enters a residence after the death of the owner and before the heir takes possession.
2. (law) The reduction of the proceeds of a will, when the debts have not yet been satisfied; the reduction of taxes due.[First attested around 1150 to 1350.]

References

• The Manual of Heraldry, Fifth Edition, by Anonymous, London, 1862, online at [1]

English

Etymology

From Middle English declinen, from Old French decliner, from Latin declinare (“to bend, turn aside, deflect, inflect, decline”), from de (“down”) + cl?n? (“I bend, I incline”), from Proto-Indo-European *?ley- (English lean).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d??kla?n/
• Hyphenation: de?cline
• Rhymes: -a?n

Noun

decline (countable and uncountable, plural declines)

1. Downward movement, fall.(Can we add an example for this sense?)
2. A sloping downward, e.g. of a hill or road.(Can we add an example for this sense?)
4. A weakening.(Can we add an example for this sense?)
5. A reduction or diminution of activity.
6. The act of declining or refusing something.

Antonyms

• incline

Translations

Verb

decline (third-person singular simple present declines, present participle declining, simple past and past participle declined)

1. (intransitive) To move downwards, to fall, to drop.

2. (intransitive) To become weaker or worse.

3. (transitive) To bend downward; to bring down; to depress; to cause to bend, or fall.

   • in melancholy site, with head declined
4. (transitive) To cause to decrease or diminish.

   • You have declin'd his means.

   • He knoweth his error, but will not seek to decline it.

5. To turn or bend aside; to deviate; to stray; to withdraw.

   a line that declines from straightness

   conduct that declines from sound morals

   • Yet do I not decline from thy testimonies.

6. (transitive) To choose not to do something; refuse, forbear, refrain.
   • 1626, Philip Massinger, The Roman Actor

     Could I decline this dreadful hour?

7. (transitive, grammar, usually of substantives, adjectives and pronouns) To inflect for case, number and sometimes gender; more specifically, to recite all the different declined forms of a noun.
   • 1570, Roger Ascham, The Scholemaster (first edition)

     after the first declining of a noun and a verb

8. (by extension) To run through from first to last; to recite in order as though declining a noun.
9. (American football, Canadian football) To reject a penalty against the opposing team, usually because the result of accepting it would benefit the non-penalized team less than the preceding play.

   The team chose to decline the fifteen-yard penalty because their receiver had caught the ball for a thirty-yard gain.

Usage notes

• Decline, refuse, forbear, refrain: Decline is gentler than refuse and carries a connotation that the non-acceptance is an acceptable or anticipated option (decline an invitation) or the result of a considered decision (the judge declined to grant the motion). Refuse has a stronger connotation of rejection, firmness, resistance, or non-compliance. For example, if someone declines to give their name, that suggests they were given a choice and elected not to give their name. If someone refuses to give their name, the connotation is more toward a suggestion that they normally should have given their name and are being intransigent. Forbear or refrain, conversely, suggest choosing not to do something that one might indulge in or be tempted to do (refrain from smoking), with forbear having an added connotation of showing some fortitude in withstanding the temptation (forbear to show anger). Refrain can also be used to refer to a general policy or preference rather than a choice on a single occasion.

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Further reading

• decline in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• decline in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• decline at OneLook Dictionary Search

Anagrams

• Delnice

Portuguese

Verb

decline

1. first-person singular (eu) present subjunctive of declinar
2. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present subjunctive of declinar
3. third-person singular (você) affirmative imperative of declinar
4. third-person singular (você) negative imperative of declinar

Romanian

Verb

decline

1. third-person singular present subjunctive of declina
2. third-person plural present subjunctive of declina

Spanish

Verb

decline

1. Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of declinar.
2. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of declinar.
3. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of declinar.
4. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present subjunctive form of declinar.