different between ward vs fend

ward

English

Pronunciation

  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /w??d/
  • (General American) IPA(key): /w??d/
  • Rhymes: -??(r)d

Etymology 1

From Middle English ward, from Old English weard (keeper, watchman, guard, guardian, protector; lord, king; possessor), from Proto-Germanic *warduz (guard, keeper), from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (to heed, defend). Cognate with German Wart.

Noun

ward (plural wards)

  1. (archaic or obsolete) A warden; a guard; a guardian or watchman.
    • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, III.xi:
      no gate they found, them to withhold, / Nor ward to wait at morne and euening late [...].

Etymology 2

From Middle English ward, warde, from Old English weard (watching, ward, protection, guardianship; advance post; waiting for, lurking, ambuscade), from Proto-Germanic *ward? (protection, attention, keeping), an extension of the stem *wara- (attentive) (English wary, beware), from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (to cover). Cognate with German Warte (watchtower), warten (wait for); English guard is a parallel form which came via Old French.

Noun

ward (countable and uncountable, plural wards)

  1. Protection, defence.
    1. (obsolete) A guard or watchman; now replaced by warden.
    2. The action of a watchman; monitoring, surveillance (usually in phrases keep ward etc.).
      • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, II.vii:
        Before the dore sat selfe-consuming Care, / Day and night keeping wary watch and ward, / For feare least Force or Fraud should vnaware / Breake in []
    3. Guardianship, especially of a child or prisoner.
      • 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, Le Morte d'Arthur, Book V:
        So forth the presoners were brought before Arthure, and he commaunded hem into kepyng of the conestabyls warde, surely to be kepte as noble presoners.
      • It is also inconvenient, in Ireland, that the wards and marriages of gentlemen's children should be in the disposal of any of those lords.
    4. An enchantment or spell placed over a designated area or social unit, that prevents any tresspasser from entering; approaching; or even being able to locate said protected premises/demographic.
    5. (historical, Scots law) Land tenure through military service.
    6. (fencing) A guarding or defensive motion or position.
  2. A protected place, and by extension, a type of subdivision.
    1. An area of a castle, corresponding to a circuit of the walls.
      • 1942, Rebecca West, Black Lamb and Grey Falcon, Canongate 2006, page 149:
        Diocletian [] must certainly have derived some consolation from the grandeur of Aspalaton, the great arcaded wall it turned to the Adriatic, its four separate wards, each town size, and its seventeen watch-towers [].
      • 2000, George RR Martin, A Storm of Swords, Bantam 2011, p. 78:
        With the castle so crowded, the outer ward had been given over to guests to raise their tents and pavilions, leaving only the smaller inner yards for training.
    2. A section or subdivision of a prison.
    3. An administrative division of a borough, city or council.
      • Throughout the trembling city placed a guard, / Dealing an equal share to every ward.
    4. (Britain) A division of a forest.
    5. (Mormonism) A subdivision of the LDS Church, smaller than and part of a stake, but larger than a branch.
    6. A part of a hospital, with beds, where patients reside.
  3. A person under guardianship.
    1. A minor looked after by a guardian.
    2. (obsolete) An underage orphan.
  4. An object used for guarding.
    1. The ridges on the inside of a lock, or the incisions on a key.
      • , II.1:
        A man must thorowly sound himselfe, and dive into his heart, and there see by what wards or springs the motions stirre.
      • 1852-1854, Charles Tomlinson, Cyclopaedia of Useful Arts and Manufactures
        The lock is made [] more secure by attaching wards to the front, as well as to the back, plate of the lock, in which case the key must be furnished with corresponding notches.
      • 1893, Arthur Conan Doyle, ‘The Resident Patient’, Norton 2005, page 628:
        With the help of a wire, however, they forced round the key. Even without the lens you will perceive, by the scratches on this ward, where the pressure was applied.
Derived terms
  • wardroom
  • (part of a hospital where patients reside): convalescent ward, critical ward
Translations

Etymology 3

From Middle English warden, from Old English weardian (to watch, guard, keep, protect, preserve; hold, possess, occupy, inhabit; rule, govern), from Proto-West Germanic *ward?n, from Proto-Germanic *ward?n?, *ward?n? (to guard), from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (to heed, defend).

Verb

ward (third-person singular simple present wards, present participle warding, simple past and past participle warded)

  1. (transitive) To keep in safety, to watch over, to guard.
  2. (transitive) To defend, to protect.
    • 1603, John Florio, translating Michel de Montaigne, Essays, II.3:
      they went to seeke their owne death, and rushed amidst the thickest of their enemies, with an intention, rather to strike, than to ward themselves.
  3. (transitive) To fend off, to repel, to turn aside, as anything mischievous that approaches; -- usually followed by off.
    • 1609, Samuel Daniel, The Civile Wares
      Now wards a felling blow, now strikes again.
    • 1717, Joseph Addison, Metamorphoses
      The pointed javelin warded off his rage.
    • It instructs the scholar in the various methods of warding off the force of objections.
  4. (intransitive) To be vigilant; to keep guard.
    • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, II.viii:
      They for vs fight, they watch and dewly ward, / And their bright Squadrons round about vs plant [...].
  5. (intransitive) To act on the defensive with a weapon.
Synonyms
  • (to fend off): ward off
Derived terms
  • beward
Translations

See also

  • Ward on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
  • Ward in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

Anagrams

  • draw

German

Alternative forms

  • wurde (modern German)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /va?t/

Verb

ward

  1. (archaic) first/third-person singular indicative past of werden
    • Genesis 1:3

Usage notes

Occasionally found in deliberately archaicizing, poetic or biblical contexts.

Further reading

  • “ward” in Duden online

Maltese

Etymology

From Arabic ?????? (ward).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /wart/

Noun

ward m (collective, singulative warda, plural urad or uradi or urud or uradijiet, paucal wardiet)

  1. rose, roses

Derived terms


Manx

Etymology

Borrowed from English ward.

Noun

ward m (genitive singular ward, plural wardyn)

  1. ward (in a hospital)

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fend

English

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /f?nd/
  • Rhymes: -?nd

Etymology 1

From Middle English fenden (defend, fight, prevent), shortening of defenden (defend), from Old French deffendre (Modern French défendre), from Latin d?fend? (to ward off), from d?- +? *fend? (hit, thrust), from Proto-Indo-European *g??en- (strike, kill).

Verb

fend (third-person singular simple present fends, present participle fending, simple past and past participle fended)

  1. (intransitive) To take care of oneself; to take responsibility for one's own well-being.
    • 1990, Messrs Howley and Murphy, quoted in U.S. House Subcommittee on Labor Standards, Oversight hearing on the Federal Service Contract Act,[2] U.S. Government Printing Office, page 40,
      Mr. Howley. They are telling him how much they will increase the reimbursement for the total labor cost. The contractor is left to fend as he can.
      Chairman Murphy. Obviously, he can’t fend for any more than the money he has coming in.
    • 2003, Scott Turow, Reversible Errors, page 376
      The planet was full of creatures in need, who could not really fend, and the law was at its best when it ensured that they were treated with dignity.
  2. (rare, except as "fend for oneself") To defend, to take care of (typically construed with for); to block or push away (typically construed with off).
    • With fern beneath to fend the bitter cold.
    • 1999, Kuan-chung Lo, Guanzhong Luo, Luo Guanzhong, Moss Roberts, Three Kingdoms: A Historical Novel, page 39
      He fends, he blocks, too skillful to be downed.
    • 2002, Jude Deveraux, A Knight in Shining Armor, page 187
      [] My age is lot like yours. Lone women do not fare well. If I were not there to fend for you, you—”
Derived terms
Translations

Noun

fend (uncountable)

  1. (obsolete) Self-support; taking care of one's own well-being.

Etymology 2

From Middle English f?nd, feond, from Old English f?ond (adversary, foe, enemy, fiend, devil, Satan), from Proto-Germanic *fijandz, present participle of **fijan?, from Proto-Indo-European *peh?- (to hate). More at fiend.

Noun

fend (plural fends)

  1. (Britain dialectal) An enemy; fiend; the Devil.

Anagrams

  • Fed'n, def'n, defn

Albanian

Alternative forms

  • (Gheg) fên(i)

Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *spenda, from Proto-Indo-European *spand-, related to Ancient Greek ??????? (sphadáz?, to shiver, tremble), Sanskrit ??????? (spandate, to quiver, shake), Old Norse fisa (to fart), Norwegian fattr (id)).

Verb

fend (first-person singular past tense fenda, participle fendur)

  1. I break wind, fart (silently)

Synonyms

  • pjerdh

Derived terms

  • fendur (participle)

Related terms

  • fendë f (fëndë f)

Further reading

  • [3] active verb fend • Fjalor Shqip (Albanian Dictionary)

References


French

Verb

fend

  1. third-person singular present indicative of fendre

Hungarian

Etymology

fen +? -d

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [?f?nd]
  • Hyphenation: fend

Verb

fend

  1. second-person singular imperative present definite of fen
    Synonym: fenjed

Manx

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

fend (verbal noun fendeil, past participle fendit)

  1. to protect, defend

Mutation


Middle English

Noun

fend (plural fendes or fendis)

  1. Alternative form of feend

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