different between stronghold vs fortification

English

Etymology

From Middle English strong-hold, strong-holde, stranghalde (equivalent to strong +? hold), from Middle English strong (“having physical strength, sturdy, strong; built to withstand assaults, fortified”) (from Old English strang, strong (“strong”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *streng?- (“stiff, tight”)) + Middle English h?ld (“grasp, grip; control, possession, rule”) (from Old English).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?st???h??ld/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?st????ho?ld/
• Hyphenation: strong?hold

Noun

stronghold (plural strongholds)

1. A place built to withstand attack; a fortress.

   Synonyms: bastion, bulwark, fastness
2. (figuratively) A place of domination by, or refuge or survival of, a particular group or idea.

Translations

References

Further reading

• fortification on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French fortification, from Late Latin fortificatio, fortificationem, from fortifico, from Latin fortis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?f??(?)t?f??ke???n/, /?f??(?)t?f??ke???n/
• Rhymes: -e???n

Noun

fortification (countable and uncountable, plural fortifications)

1. The act of fortifying; the art or science of fortifying places to strengthen defence against an enemy.
2. That which fortifies; especially, a work or works erected to defend a place against attack; a fortified place; a fortress; a fort; a castle.
   • “[…] We are engaged in a great work, a treatise on our river fortifications, perhaps? But since when did army officers afford the luxury of amanuenses in this simple republic? […] ”

3. An increase in effectiveness, as by adding ingredients.
   • 1979, Kiplinger's Personal Finance (volume 33, number 7, July 1979, page 47)

     Compare the nutrition information label of a regular ready-to-eat fortified cereal with that of a presweetened brand and you'll note that, although the sweetened one's sugar content is higher, the fortification is virtually identical.

4. A jagged pattern sometimes seen during an attack of migraine.

Derived terms

• biofortification

Related terms

• fortify

Translations

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin fortificatio, fortificationem, from fortifico, from Latin fortis.

Pronunciation

Noun

fortification f (plural fortifications)

1. fortification (all meanings)

Related terms

• fortifier

Further reading

• “fortification” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).