different between shorten vs trim
shorten
English
Etymology
From Middle English shortnen, schortenen, equivalent to short +? -en (verbal suffix). In some senses, a continuation (in altered form) of Middle English schorten (“to make short, shorten”), from Old English s?ortian (“to become short”), from Proto-Germanic *skurt?n? (“to shorten”).
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /????t?n/
- (US) IPA(key): /????t?n/
Verb
shorten (third-person singular simple present shortens, present participle shortening, simple past and past participle shortened)
- (transitive) To make shorter; to abbreviate.
- 1877, Anna Sewell, Black Beauty Chapter 22[1]
- York came round to our heads and shortened the rein himself, one hole I think; every little makes a difference, be it for better or worse, and that day we had a steep hill to go up.
- 1877, Anna Sewell, Black Beauty Chapter 22[1]
- (intransitive) To become shorter.
- (transitive) To make deficient (as to); to deprive (of).
- Spoiled of his nose, and shorten'd of his ears.
- (transitive) To make short or friable, as pastry, with butter, lard, etc.
- (transitive) To reduce or diminish in amount, quantity, or extent; to lessen.
- to shorten an allowance of food
- 1699, John Dryden, Dedication to His Grace the Duke of Ormond
- Here, where the subject is so fruitful, I am shortened by my chain.
- 1858, George Borrow, The Romany Rye (volume 2, page 128)
- My grandfather, as I said before, was connected with a gang of shorters, and sometimes shortened money, […]
- (nautical, transitive) To take in the slack of (a rope).
- (nautical, transitive) To reduce (sail) by taking it in.
Synonyms
- See also Thesaurus:shorten
Antonyms
- extend
- lengthen
Translations
Anagrams
- Herston, Hornets, Rhotens, Thorens, Thorsen, enhorts, hornets, snoreth, thrones
shorten From the web:
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trim
English
Etymology
From Middle English trimen, trymen, trümen, from Old English trymman (“to make firm; strengthen”), from Proto-Germanic *trumjan? (“to make fast; strengthen”), from Proto-Germanic *trumaz (“firm; strong; sound”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t??m/, [t??????m]
- Rhymes: -?m
Verb
trim (third-person singular simple present trims, present participle trimming, simple past and past participle trimmed)
- (transitive) To reduce slightly; to cut; especially, to remove excess.
- (transitive) To decorate or adorn; especially of a Christmas tree.
- (transitive, aviation, of an aircraft) To adjust the positions of control surfaces, sometimes using trim tabs, so as to modify or eliminate the aircraft's tendency to pitch, roll, or yaw when the cockpit controls are released.
- (transitive, nautical, of a vessel) To modify the angle relative to the water by shifting cargo or ballast; to adjust for sailing; to assume, or cause to assume a certain position, or trim, in the water.
- 1883, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island
- The captain made us trim the boat, and we got her to lie a little more evenly.
- 1883, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island
- (transitive, nautical, of a vessel's sails) To modify the angle (of the sails) relative to the wind, especially to set them at the most advantageous angle.
- (dated) To balance; to fluctuate between parties, so as to appear to favour each.
- (transitive) To make trim; to put in due order for any purpose; to make right, neat, or pleasing; to adjust.
- The hermit trimmed his little fire.
- (transitive, carpentry, of timber) To dress; to make smooth.
- (transitive, dated) To rebuke; to reprove.
- (transitive, dated) To beat or thrash.
Derived terms
- betrim
Translations
Noun
trim (countable and uncountable, plural trims)
- (uncountable) Decoration; especially, decoration placed along edges or borders.
- (countable) A haircut, especially a moderate one to touch up an existing style.
- Dress; gear; ornaments.
- (countable) The manner in which something is equipped or adorned; order; disposition.
- 1614, George Chapman, Andromeda Liberata
- The measure and whole trim of comeliness
- 1614, George Chapman, Andromeda Liberata
- (uncountable, aviation, of an aircraft) The state of adjustment of control surfaces such that the desired attitude can be maintained without requiring the continuous application of force to the cockpit controls.
- (uncountable, aviation, by extension) The mechanism(s) used to trim an aircraft in roll, pitch, and/or yaw.
- (uncountable, slang, mildly vulgar) Sexual intercourse.
- 1969, Maya Angelou, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, New York: Bantam, 1971, Chapter 35, pp. 239-240,[3]
- “Take me somewhere.”
- His response lacked dignity, but in fairness to him I admit that I had left him little chance to be suave.
- He asked, “You mean, you’re going to give me some trim?”
- 1969, Maya Angelou, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, New York: Bantam, 1971, Chapter 35, pp. 239-240,[3]
- (nautical) The fore-and-aft angle of the vessel to the water, with reference to the cargo and ballast; the manner in which a vessel floats on the water, whether on an even keel or down by the head or stern.
- (nautical) The arrangement of the sails with reference to the wind.
Translations
Adjective
trim (comparative trimmer, superlative trimmest)
- Physically fit.
- Slender, lean.
- Neat or smart in appearance.
- 1599, William Shakespeare, Much Ado About Nothing, Act 4 Scene 1
- […] manhood is melted into curtsies, valour into compliment, and men are only turned into tongue, and trim ones too: he is now as valiant as Hercules that only tells a lie and swears it.
- “A tight little craft,” was Austin’s invariable comment on the matron; and she looked it, always trim and trig and smooth of surface like a converted yacht cleared for action. ¶ Near her wandered her husband, orientally bland, invariably affable, […].
- 1599, William Shakespeare, Much Ado About Nothing, Act 4 Scene 1
Translations
Adverb
trim (not comparable)
- (nautical) In good order; properly managed or maintained.
- (nautical) With sails well trimmed.
Anagrams
- MIRT, RMIT
Albanian
Alternative forms
- (Gheg) trajm [t?ajm]
Etymology
From Proto-Albanian *trim-, from Proto-Indo-European *ter- (“soft, weak, young”). Cognate with Sanskrit ???? (táru?a, “young”) and Armenian ???? (t?arm, “young, fresh”). Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *trem(s)- (“to thump; to tremble”). Compare Latin trem? (“tremble”), Lithuanian trìmti (“shake, tremble”), Tocharian A tröm (“in rage, fury”) and Tocharian B tremi (“rage, fury”).
Noun
trim m (indefinite plural trima, definite singular trimi, definite plural trimat)
- man, manful
- hero
- courageous
- valiant, valorous
- brave, hardy
References
Dutch
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -?m
Verb
trim
- first-person singular present indicative of trimmen
- imperative of trimmen
Latvian
Numeral
trim
- dative plural masculine form of tr?s
- instrumental plural masculine form of tr?s
- dative plural feminine form of tr?s
- instrumental plural feminine form of tr?s
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