different between scard vs afraid
scard
English
Noun
scard (plural scards)
- (obsolete) A shard or fragment.
Anagrams
- Cards, cadrs, cards
Irish
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
scard m (genitive singular scaird)
- fright, terror
Declension
Alternative forms
- scaird f
Etymology 2
Noun
scard f (genitive singular scairde, nominative plural scardanna)
- Alternative form of scaird (“squirt, jet, gush”)
Declension
Verb
scard (present analytic scardann, future analytic scardfaidh, verbal noun scardadh, past participle scardta)
- (transitive, intransitive) Alternative form of scaird (“squirt, gush; pour rapidly”)
Conjugation
Mutation
Further reading
- "scard" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
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afraid
English
Etymology
From Middle English affrayed, affraied, past participle of afraien (“to affray”), from Anglo-Norman afrayer (“to terrify, disquiet, disturb”), from Old French effreer, esfreer (“to disturb, remove the peace from”), from es- (“out”) +? freer (“to secure, secure the peace”), from Frankish *friþu (“security, peace”), from Proto-Germanic *friþuz (“peace”), from Proto-Germanic *frij?n? (“to free; to love”), from Proto-Indo-European *pr?y-, *pr?y- (“to like, love”). Synchronically analyzable as affray +? -ed. Compare also afeard. More at free, friend.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /??f?e?d/
- Rhymes: -e?d
Adjective
afraid (comparative more afraid, superlative most afraid)
- (usually used predicatively, not attributively, be afraid) Impressed with fear or apprehension; in fear.
- Synonyms: afeared, alarmed, anxious, apprehensive, fearful, timid, timorous; see also Thesaurus:afraid
- (colloquial) Regretful, sorry.
- Synonym: sorry
- (used with for) Worried about, feeling concern for, fearing for (someone or something).
Usage notes
- Afraid expresses a lesser degree of fear than terrified or frightened. It is often followed by the preposition of and the object of fear, or by an infinitive, or by a dependent clause, as shown in the examples above.
Derived terms
Related terms
- afear
- afeared
- affray
- fray
Translations
See also
- fear
Welsh
Etymology
af- (“un-”) +? rhaid (“necessity”)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?avrai?d/
Adjective
afraid (feminine singular afraid, plural afraid, equative afreidied, comparative afreidiach, superlative afreidiaf)
- unnecessary, unessential
- c. 1500, Ieuan Tew, poem in Cwrt Mawr manuscript no. 5, published and translated 1921 by T. Gwynn Jones, “Cultural Bases. A Study of the Tudor Period in Wales”, Y Cymmrodor. The Magazine of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion, vol. 31, page 182:
- mogelwch yma golyn
a fo goeg, ag afu gwyn—
a choegddyn crin, ledryn crach,
o fradwr—nid afreidiach;- beware of the sting of white-livered wretches, and every withered, niggardly wretch of a traitor—it were not less necessary;
- mogelwch yma golyn
- c. 1600, Edmwnd Prys, quoted in A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative by J. Morris Jones, Oxford: 1913, p. 44:
- Amlwg fydd tr?yn a’r wyneb;
Afraid i ni nodi neb.- Plain is the nose on a face; it is unnecessary for us to mention anyone.
- Amlwg fydd tr?yn a’r wyneb;
- c. 1500, Ieuan Tew, poem in Cwrt Mawr manuscript no. 5, published and translated 1921 by T. Gwynn Jones, “Cultural Bases. A Study of the Tudor Period in Wales”, Y Cymmrodor. The Magazine of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion, vol. 31, page 182:
Noun
afraid m (plural afreidiau)
- superfluity, extravagance
Mutation
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present) , “afraid”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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