different between sack vs rob

English

Pronunciation

• (UK, US) IPA^(key): /sæk/
• Rhymes: -æk
• Homophones: sac, SAC

Etymology 1

From Middle English sak (“bag, sackcloth”), from Old English sacc (“sack, bag”) and sæcc (“sackcloth, sacking”); both from Proto-West Germanic *sakku, from late Proto-Germanic *sakkuz (“sack”), borrowed from Latin saccus (“large bag”), from Ancient Greek ?????? (sákkos, “bag of coarse cloth”), from Semitic, possibly Phoenician.

Cognate with Dutch zak, German Sack, Swedish säck, Hebrew ????? (?aq, “sack, sackcloth”), Aramaic ???????, Classical Syriac ????, Ge'ez ?? (?ä?), Akkadian ???????? (saqqu), Egyptian s?g?. Doublet of sac.

?erný and Forbes suggest the word was originally Egyptian, a nominal derivative of s?q (“to gather or put together”) that also yielded Coptic ??? (sok, “sackcloth”) and was borrowed into Greek perhaps by way of a Semitic intermediary. However, Vycichl and Hoch reject this idea, noting that such an originally Egyptian word would be expected to yield Hebrew *??? rather than ?????. Instead, they posit that the Coptic and Greek words are both borrowed from Semitic, with the Coptic word perhaps developing via Egyptian s?g?.

Noun

sack (plural sacks)

1. A bag; especially a large bag of strong, coarse material for storage and handling of various commodities, such as potatoes, coal, coffee; or, a bag with handles used at a supermarket, a grocery sack; or, a small bag for small items, a satchel.
2. The amount a sack holds; also, an archaic or historical measure of varying capacity, depending on commodity type and according to local usage; an old English measure of weight, usually of wool, equal to 13 stone (182 pounds), or in other sources, 26 stone (364 pounds).
   • The American sack of salt is 215 pounds; the sack of wheat, two bushels. — McElrath.
   • 1843, The Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, Vol. 27, page 202

     Seven pounds make a clove, 2 cloves a stone, 2 stone a tod, 6 1/2 tods a wey, 2 weys a sack, 12 sacks a last. [...] It is to be observed here that a sack is 13 tods, and a tod 28 pounds, so that the sack is 364 pounds.
3. (uncountable) The plunder and pillaging of a captured town or city.

   The sack of Rome.

4. (uncountable) Loot or booty obtained by pillage.
5. (American football) A successful tackle of the quarterback behind the line of scrimmage. See verb sense⁴ below.
6. (baseball) One of the square bases anchored at first base, second base, or third base.

   He twisted his ankle sliding into the sack at second.

7. (informal) Dismissal from employment, or discharge from a position, usually as give (someone) the sack or get the sack. See verb sense⁵ below.

   The boss is gonna give her the sack today.

   He got the sack for being late all the time.

8. (colloquial, US) Bed; usually as hit the sack or in the sack. See also sack out.
9. (dated) (also sacque) A kind of loose-fitting gown or dress with sleeves which hangs from the shoulders, such as a gown with a Watteau back or sack-back, fashionable in the late 17th to 18th century; or, formerly, a loose-fitting hip-length jacket, cloak or cape.
   • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, Book IV, chapter vii, Google Books

     Molly, therefore, having dressed herself out in this sack, with a new laced cap, and some other ornaments which Tom had given her, repairs to church with her fan in her hand the very next Sunday.

   • 1780, Frances Burney, Journals & Letters, Penguin 2001, p. 151:

     Her Dress, too, was of the same cast, a thin muslin short sacque and Coat lined throughout with Pink, – a modesty bit – and something of a very short cloak half concealed about half of her old wrinkled Neck […].

   • 1828, JT Smith, Nollekens and His Times, Century Hutchinson 1986, p. 13:

     This lady's interesting figure, on her wedding-day, was attired in a sacque and petticoat of the most expensive brocaded white silk, resembling net-work, enriched with small flowers […] .

10. (dated) A sack coat; a kind of coat worn by men, and extending from top to bottom without a cross seam.
11. (vulgar, slang) The scrotum.

    He got passed the ball, but it hit him in the sack.

Synonyms

• (bag): bag, tote, poke (obsolete)
• (booty obtained by pillage): See Thesaurus:booty
• (informal: dismissal from employment): the axe, pink slip, the boot, the chop, the elbow, one's cards, the old heave-ho
• (colloquial: bed): hay, rack
• (vulgar slang: scrotum): See Thesaurus:scrotum

Hyponyms

• (bag): bindle

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

• ? Japanese: ??? (sakku)

Translations

Verb

sack (third-person singular simple present sacks, present participle sacking, simple past and past participle sacked)

1. To put in a sack or sacks.

   Help me sack the groceries.

   • 1903, Jack London, The Call of the Wild, Chapter VII,

     The gold was sacked in moose-hide bags, fifty pounds to the bag […]

2. To bear or carry in a sack upon the back or the shoulders.
3. To plunder or pillage, especially after capture; to obtain spoils of war from.

   The barbarians sacked Rome.

   • 1898, Homer, translated by Samuel Butler, The Iliad, Book IX,

     It [a lyre] was part of the spoils which he had taken when he sacked the city of Eetion […]

4. (American football) To tackle the quarterback behind the line of scrimmage, especially before he is able to throw a pass.
   • 1995, John Crumpacker and Gwen Knapp, "Sack-happy defensive line stuns Dolphins", SFGate.com, November 21,

     On third down, the rejuvenated Rickey Jackson stormed in over All-Pro left tackle Richmond Webb to sack Marino yet again for a 2-yard loss.

5. (informal) To discharge from a job or position; to fire.

   He was sacked last September.

   • 1999, "Russian media mogul dismisses Yeltsin's bid to sack him", CNN.com, March 5,

     […] Boris Berezovsky on Friday dismissed President Boris Yeltsin's move to sack him from his post as executive secretary of the Commonwealth of Independent States, […]

Synonyms

• (plunder, pillage): loot, ransack
• (to remove someone from a job): can, dismiss, fire, lay off, let go, terminate, make redundant, give the axe, give the boot, give (someone) their cards, give the chop, give the elbow, give the old heave-ho, See also: Thesaurus:lay off
• (slang: to hit in the groin): rack

Derived terms

• sackable
• sackage
• sacker
• sack out
• sack up

Translations

Etymology 2

From earlier (wyne) seck from Middle French (vin (“wine”)) sec (“dry”), from Latin siccus (“dry”)

Noun

sack (countable and uncountable, plural sacks)

2. (dated) A variety of light-colored dry wine from Spain or the Canary Islands; also, any strong white wine from southern Europe; sherry.

   • Will't please your lordship drink a cup of sack? ...I ne'er drank sack in my life...

   • Thou art so fat-witted, with drinking of old sack...let a cup of sack be my poison...Wherein is he good, but to taste sack and drink it?

   • 1610, The Tempest, by Shakespeare, act 2 scene 2

     How didst thou 'scape? How cam'st thou hither? swear / by this bottle how thou cam'st hither—I escaped upon / a butt of sack, which the sailors heaved overboard, by / this bottle!

   • The New Sporting Magazine (volume 15, page 23)

     The vesper bell had rung its parting note; the domini were mostly caged in comfortable quarters, discussing the merits of old port; and the merry student had closed his oak, to consecrate the night to friendship, sack, and claret.

Derived terms

• sack-whey

See also

• claret, hock, tent

Etymology 3

Noun

sack (plural sacks)

1. Dated form of sac (“pouch in a plant or animal”).
   • 1938, The Microscope (volumes 1-2, page 56)

     Sometimes fishes are born that have rudimentary yolk sacks. Such young are born prematurely.

Etymology 4

Verb

sack (third-person singular simple present sacks, present participle sacking, simple past and past participle sacked)

1. Alternative spelling of sac (“sacrifice”)

Noun

sack (plural sacks)

1. Alternative spelling of sac (“sacrifice”)

See also

• sack on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Sack in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

References

• Forbes, Robert Jacobus (1955) Studies in Ancient Technology, vol. IV, p. 66
• ?erný, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ?ISBN, page 149
• Vycichl, Werner (1983) Dictionnaire Étymologique de la Langue Copte, Leuven: Peeters, ?ISBN, page 186
• Hoch, James E. (1994) Semitic Words in Egyptian Texts of the New Kingdom and Third Intermediate Period, Princeton: Princeton University Press, ?ISBN, page 269

Anagrams

• ACKs, SKCA, acks, cask

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Old Norse sokkr, from Latin soccus (“slipper”), from Ancient Greek ?????? (súkkhos, “a kind of shoe”), probably from Phrygian or another language from Asia Minor.

Pronunciation

• (masc.; str.) IPA^(key): /?s?kh?/

  Rhymes: -??k?

• (masc. def.; str.) IPA^(key): /?s?t??h?en/
• (masc., fem.; wk.) IPA^(key): /²s?kh?/

  Rhymes: -??k?

Noun

sack m or f

1. Sock.

Derived terms

• tåsack

English

Pronunciation

• (UK) enPR: r?b, IPA^(key): /??b/
• Rhymes: -?b
• (US) enPR: räb, IPA^(key): /??b/

Etymology 1

From Middle English robben, from Anglo-Norman robber, rober, Old French rober (“to rob”), from Medieval Latin raub? (“to rob, steal, plunder”), from Frankish *raub?n, *r?b?n (compare Dutch roven) and Old High German roub?n, raub?n (“to rob, steal, plunder”), from Proto-Germanic *raub?n?. Doublet of reave.

Verb

rob (third-person singular simple present robs, present participle robbing, simple past and past participle robbed)

1. (transitive) To steal from, especially using force or violence.

2. (transitive) To deprive of, or withhold from, unjustly or injuriously; to defraud.
3. (transitive, figuratively, used with "of") To deprive (of).

   • Little disappointed, then, she turned attention to "Chat of the Social World," gossip which exercised potent fascination upon the girl's intelligence. She devoured with more avidity than she had her food those pretentiously phrased chronicles of the snobocracy […] distilling therefrom an acid envy that robbed her napoleon of all its savour.

4. (transitive, slang) To burgle.
   • 2008, National Public Radio, All Things Considered, Sept 4, 2008

     Her house was robbed.

5. (transitive, Britain, slang) To steal.

   That chav robbed my phone!

6. (intransitive) To commit robbery.
7. (sports) To take possession of the ball, puck etc. from.

Derived terms

Related terms

• reave, bereave
• rip
• rubble, rubbish

Translations

Etymology 2

From French [Term?]; compare Spanish rob, Italian rob, robbo, Portuguese robe, arrobe, Persian ?????? (present stem: robâ) and also similar in Arabic.

Alternative forms

• rhob, rohob

Noun

rob (uncountable)

1. The inspissated juice of ripe fruit, obtained by evaporation of the juice over a fire until it reaches a syrupy consistency. It is sometimes mixed with honey or sugar.

Anagrams

• BOR, Bor, Bor., ORB, bor, bro, bro., orb

Afar

Etymology

From Proto-Cushitic. Cognates include Somali róob.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??ob/
• Hyphenation: rob

Noun

rób m 

1. rain

Declension

References

• Loren F. Bliese (1981) A Generative Grammar of Afar?^[1], Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics and University of Texas at Arlington (doctoral thesis)., page 5
• E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985) , “rob”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, ?ISBN
• Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)?^[2], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis), page 171

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch rob.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [r?p]

Noun

rob (plural robbe)

1. seal (pinniped)

Synonyms

• (seal): seehond

Albanian

Etymology

From a South Slavic language, compare Serbo-Croatian rob, Macedonian ??? (rob), Bulgarian ??? (rob), ultimately derived from Proto-Slavic *orb? (“servant, slave”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [??b]
• IPA^(key): [???b] (Gheg)

Noun

rob m (indefinite plural robër, definite singular robi, definite plural robërit)

1. (historical) slave
2. (historical) serf
3. prisoner of war
4. (figurative, derogatory) servant

rob m (indefinite plural rob, definite singular robi, definite plural robtë)

1. person, family member

Synonyms

• skllav, shërbëtor

Derived terms

• robëri, robëreshë, robinjë, robëroj, robi

References

Aromanian

Alternative forms

• rop

Etymology

From a Slavic language, from Proto-Slavic *orb? (“slave”). Compare Daco-Romanian rob.

Noun

rob m (plural roghi, feminine equivalent roabã)

1. slave

Synonyms

• sclav

Derived terms

• rubuescu

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rop/
• Rhymes: -op
• Homophone: rop

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *orb? (“servant, slave”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?erb?- (“orphan, child slave or servant”)..Compare English robot and Serbo-Croatian rob.

Noun

rob m

1. (obsolete) slave, serf

Declension

Synonyms

• nevolník
• otrok
• rab

Derived terms

• rab
• rob?v

Related terms

• roba
• rob?
• robit
• robota
• robot

Etymology 2

Noun

rob f

1. genitive plural of roba

Etymology 3

Verb

rob

1. second-person singular imperative of robit

See also

• robte

Anagrams

• bor
• obr

References

Further reading

• rob in P?íru?ní slovník jazyka ?eského, 1935–1957
• rob in Slovník spisovného jazyka ?eského, 1960–1971, 1989

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /r?p/
• Hyphenation: rob
• Rhymes: -?p

Etymology 1

Uncertain; compare English rabbit. Or, possibly related to Latvian rups (“coarse, rough”), referring to the whiskers. Also compared is the personal name Robbe. Has also compared to English rub, referring to seals' movements, but this is unlikely.

Noun

rob m (plural robben, diminutive robbetje n)

1. seal, any member of the family Phocidae

   Synonym: zeehond

Derived terms

• blaasrob
• kegelrob
• klapmutsrob
• manenrob
• pelsrob
• ringelrob
• stinkrob
• zadelrob
• zeerob

Descendants

• Afrikaans: rob

Etymology 2

Uncertain; compare English rabbit, as well as English rub, referring to the fur. Or, from Proto-West Germanic *reufan (“to tear”), hinted by the animals' digging of tunnels.

Noun

rob f (plural robben, diminutive robbeken n)

1. (Belgium) rabbit

   Synonym: konijn

Alternative forms

• robbe

Further reading

• van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010) , “rob1”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute (seal)
• van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010) , “rob5”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute (rabbit)

Middle English

Noun

rob

1. Alternative form of robe

Romanian

Etymology

From a Slavic language, from Proto-Slavic *orb? (“slave”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?órb?os (“orphan”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rob/
• Rhymes: -ob

Noun

rob m (plural robi, feminine equivalent roab?)

1. slave

Declension

Synonyms

• sclav

Derived terms

• robie
• robi
• dezrobi

See also

• ?erb

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From West Slavic dialects, from Proto-Slavic *orb? (“slave”), from Proto-Indo-European *h?órb?os (“orphan”). Compare English robot and Russian ??????? (rabóta).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rôb/

Noun

r?b m (Cyrillic spelling ????)

1. slave

Declension

References

• “rob” in Hrvatski jezi?ni portal

Slovak

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [rop]

Verb

rob

1. second-person singular imperative of robi?

Slovene

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *r?b?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ró?p/

Noun

r??b m inan

1. border, edge

   Synonym: kónec

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ró?p/

Noun

r??b m anim

1. (obsolete) slave

   Synonym: súženj

Spanish

Etymology

See arrope

Noun

rob m (plural robes)

1. fruit syrup

Related terms

• arrope