different between refined vs rugged
refined
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?i?fa?nd/
Verb
refined
- simple past tense and past participle of refine
- The raw petroleum was refined into kerosene.
Adjective
refined (comparative more refined, superlative most refined)
- Precise, freed from imprecision, particularly:
- (of people, obsolete) Sagacious, sometimes (derogatory) oversubtle or feigning sagacity.
- (of thought) Subtle, scrupulous, carefully thought out.
- The argument, while not persuasive, is quite refined.
- (of processes) Developed, improved.
- The curriculum has been carefully refined to meet the needs of foreign students.
- Cultured, freed from vulgarity, particularly:
- (of language) Elevated and polished.
- In the British Isles, Oxbridge is considered refined; Geordie somewhat less so.
- (of people) Elegant, sometimes (derogatory) affected, prissy, or bloodless.
- Don Draper was a man of refined tastes.
- 1946, Elizabeth Metzger Howard, Before the Sun Goes Down, p. 31:
- "Jesus Christ! Was my folks refined. My mam she wouldn't think-a lettin' us young'uns call a pee pot a pee pot. A chamber's what she called it... And by God! Us young'uns had ter call the pee pot a chamber or git our God damn necks wrang."
- (of language) Elevated and polished.
- Purified, reduced in or freed from impurities, particularly:
- (of products) Highly-processed and pure.
- Under current guidelines, refined sugar must be at least five times purer than its raw counterpart.
- (of metal) Free of dross or alloy.
- The Temple at Jerusalem preferred Tyrian shekels, since even with Ba'al's portrait they bore highly refined silver.
- (of people, obsolete) Morally pure.
- (of products) Highly-processed and pure.
- (of a market) Dealing in a refined product such as sugar or petroleum.
Translations
Noun
refined (plural refineds)
- (finance) The refined form of a commodity, as opposed to its raw or generic form.
- We're still purchasing copper ore, but the market for refined is weaker.
Anagrams
- definer, e-friend, enfired, fendier
refined From the web:
- what refined carbs
- what refined means
- what refined grains
- what refined oil means
- what refined carbs to avoid
- what refined sugar does to the body
- what refined sugars to avoid
rugged
English
Etymology 1
From Middle English rugged, roggyd, ruggyd, derived from Old Norse r?gg (“tuft, shagginess”), equivalent to rug (“rough, woollen material”) +? -ed. Compare Old Swedish ruggoter (“wrinkled”), Swedish rugga (“to roughen”), Swedish ruggig (“shaggy”), Icelandic rögg (“shagginess”), Old Norse raggaðr (“tufted”), dialectal Danish raggad (“shaggy”).
Pronunciation
- r?-g?d, IPA(key): /?????d/
Adjective
rugged (comparative ruggeder, superlative ruggedest)
- Broken into sharp or irregular points; uneven; not smooth; rough.
- 1870, Mark Twain, Roughing It, Chapter LXV
- By and by, after a rugged climb, we halted on the summit of a hill which commanded a far-reaching view.
- 1870, Mark Twain, Roughing It, Chapter LXV
- Not neat or regular; irregular, uneven.
- 2011, Ronke Luke-Boone, African Fabrics: Sewing Contemporary Fashion with Ethic Flair
- Commercially produced yarn, such as rayon, produces a cloth with a smoother, shinier look than hand-spun cotton, but the uneven, rugged look of hand-spun cotton can be quite appealing.
- 2011, Ronke Luke-Boone, African Fabrics: Sewing Contemporary Fashion with Ethic Flair
- Rough with bristles or hair; shaggy.
- (of a person) Strong, sturdy, well-built.
- 2010, Arthur Queen Jr., Young Man: Ageless Fatherly Wisdom to Hold
- Many women and men delude themselves into thinking that only the hardest and most rugged man is attractive and to many it may be the case.
- 2010, Arthur Queen Jr., Young Man: Ageless Fatherly Wisdom to Hold
- (of land) Rocky and bare of plantlife.
- 2013, Vicky Baker in The Guardian, Riding with the cowboys on a Mexico ranch
- Hidden within 30,000 acres of rugged private land, the ranch is cocooned by peaks and canyons in all directions.
- 2013, Vicky Baker in The Guardian, Riding with the cowboys on a Mexico ranch
- (of temper, character, or people) Harsh; austere; hard; crabbed
- Stormy; turbulent; tempestuous; rude.
- (of sound, style etc.) Harsh; grating; rough to the ear
- (of looks, appearance etc.) Sour; surly; frowning; wrinkled
- (of behaviour) Violent; rude; boisterous
- (of health, physique etc.) Vigorous; robust; hardy
- 1909, Jack London, Martin Eden
- "Her gaze rested for a moment on the muscular neck, heavy corded, almost bull-like, bronzed by the sun, spilling over with rugged health and strength..."
- 1909, Jack London, Martin Eden
- (computing, of a computer) Designed to reliably operate in harsh usage environments and conditions.
- 2011, Nick Fletcher, Psion drops 2% after supply chain issues push it into loss
- Psion, which supplies a range of rugged hand held computers, has lost nearly 2% after announcing a plunge into the red.
- 2011, Nick Fletcher, Psion drops 2% after supply chain issues push it into loss
Derived terms
Translations
Further reading
- rugged in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- rugged at OneLook Dictionary Search
Etymology 2
rug +? -ed
Pronunciation
- r?gd, IPA(key): /???d/
Adjective
rugged (not comparable)
- Having a rug or rugs.
- Covered with a rug.
Verb
rugged
- simple past tense and past participle of rug
Anagrams
- Dugger, Gudger, grudge, gurged
rugged From the web:
- what rugged phones work with verizon
- what rugged means
- what rugged phone to buy
- what's rugged individualism
- what rugged individualists seldom admit to
- what rugged phones work with sprint
- what rugged individualism means
- what rugged means in spanish
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