different between reference vs concern
reference
- For information on how references should be handled on Wiktionary, see Wiktionary:References
English
Etymology
From Middle French référence, from Medieval Latin referentia, nominative neuter plural of refer?ns, present participle of refer? (“return, reply”, literally “carry back”).
Morphologically refer +? -ence.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /???f.(?)??ns/
- (obsolete) IPA(key): /???f???ns/
- Hyphenation: ref?er?ence
Noun
reference (countable and uncountable, plural references)
- (literary or archaic) A relationship or relation (to something).
- A measurement one can compare to.
- Information about a person, provided by someone (a referee) with whom they are well acquainted.
- A person who provides this information; a referee.
- A reference work.
- (attributive) That which serves as a reference work.
- The act of referring: a submitting for information or decision.
- (semantics) A relation between objects in which one object designates, or acts as a means by which to connect to or link to, another object.
- (academic writing) A short written identification of a previously published work which is used as a source for a text.
- (academic writing) A previously published written work thus indicated; a source.
- (computing) An object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere, as opposed to containing the data itself.
- (programming, character entity) A special sequence used to represent complex characters in markup languages, such as
™
for the ™ symbol. - (obsolete) Appeal.
Hyponyms
Derived terms
Translations
See also
- sense
- handle
Verb
reference (third-person singular simple present references, present participle referencing, simple past and past participle referenced)
- To provide a list of references for (a text).
- To refer to, to use as a reference.
- To mention, to cite.
- (programming) To contain the value that is a memory address of some value stored in memory.
Usage notes
Some authorities object to the use of reference as a verb with a meaning other than “provide a list of references for,” preferring refer to or cite in these cases. Others allow the meaning “refer to” but reject “mention.” Nevertheless, the proscribed usages are common in both writing and speech.
Related terms
- referee
- referent
- referential
- relate
- relation
Translations
References
Further reading
- reference in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- reference in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
- reference at OneLook Dictionary Search
reference From the web:
- what reference means
- what reference point is illustrated here
- what references should you include
- what reference is favored in hospital pharmacies
- what reference style is this
- what reference is used to describe a township
- what references a velocity
- what references to give for a job
concern
English
Etymology
Borrowed from Middle French concerner, from Medieval Latin concern?, concernere (“I distinguish, have respect to”), from Latin concern? (“I mix, sift, or mingle together, as in a sieve”), combined form of con- + cern? (“distinguish”).
Pronunciation
- (General American) IPA(key): /k?n?s?n/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /k?n?s??n/
- Rhymes: -??(?)n
- Hyphenation: con?cern
Noun
concern (countable and uncountable, plural concerns)
- That which affects one’s welfare or happiness. A matter of interest to someone.
- Synonym: interest
- The expression of solicitude, anxiety, or compassion toward a thing or person.
- A business, firm or enterprise; a company.
- (programming) Any set of information that affects the code of a computer program.
- 2006, Awais Rashid, Mehmet Aksit, Transactions on Aspect-Oriented Software Development II, page 148:
- At the programming level, an aspect is a modular unit that implements a concern.
- 2006, Awais Rashid, Mehmet Aksit, Transactions on Aspect-Oriented Software Development II, page 148:
Translations
Further reading
- concern in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
- concern in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
Verb
concern (third-person singular simple present concerns, present participle concerning, simple past and past participle concerned)
- (transitive) To relate or belong to; to have reference to or connection with; to affect the interest of; to be of importance to.
- 1611, Bible (KJV), Acts xxviii. 31
- Preaching the kingdom of God, and teaching those things which concern the Lord Jesus Christ.
- 1708, Joseph Addison, The Present State of the War, and the Necessity of an Augmentation
- our wars with France have always affected us in our most tender interests, and concerned us more than those we have had with any other nation
- 1821, James Fenimore Cooper, The Spy
- ignorant, so far as the usual instruction was concerned
- 1611, Bible (KJV), Acts xxviii. 31
- (transitive) To engage by feeling or sentiment; to interest.
- a. 1729, John Rogers, A Sufficiency adjusted and recommended
- They think themselves out the reach of Providence, and no longer concerned to solicit his favour.
- a. 1729, John Rogers, A Sufficiency adjusted and recommended
- (transitive) To make somebody worried.
Synonyms
- (to be of importance to): See also Thesaurus:pertain
Derived terms
- concernable
Translations
Dutch
Etymology
Borrowed from English concern.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /k?n?s?rn/
- Hyphenation: con?cern
- Rhymes: -?rn
Noun
concern n (plural concerns, diminutive concerntje n)
- company, business, concern
Derived terms
- chemieconcern
concern From the web:
- what concerns do you have
- what concern did father have
- what concern is expressed in this cartoon
- what concern was incorporated into
- what concerns me is crossword
- what concerns me is crossword clue
- what concerns you
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