different between prograde vs retrograde

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?p?????e?d/

Adjective

prograde (comparative more prograde, superlative most prograde)

1. (astronomy) Moving in a forward direction, especially with respect to other bodies in the same system.
2. (geology) Being a metamorphic change resulting from a higher pressure or temperature.

Antonyms

• retrograde

Translations

Verb

prograde (third-person singular simple present progrades, present participle prograding, simple past and past participle prograded)

1. (geology) Of sediment, to build out seawards in conditions of marine regression.

Related terms

• progradation

Anagrams

• drag rope, drag-rope

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /???t?????e?d/

Etymology 1

From Middle English [Term?], from Latin retr?gradus, from retr? (“backwards”) + gradus (“step”).

Adjective

retrograde (comparative more retrograde, superlative most retrograde)

1. Directed backwards, retreating; reverting, especially to an inferior state, declining; inverse, reverse; movement opposite to normal or intended motion, often circular motion.

   retrograde ideas, morals, etc.

   • 1975, Saul Bellow, Humboldt's Gift [Avon ed., 1976, p. 74]:

     Such retrograde people still exist, resisting modernity, dragging their feet.

2. Counterproductive to a desired outcome.
   • 1601 - William Shakespeare, Hamlet Act I Scene ii.

     In going back to school in Wittenberg, / It is most retrograde to our desire:/ And we beseech you, bend you to remain

3. (astronomy, of a body orbiting another) In the opposite direction to the orbited body's spin.
4. (geology) Describing a metamorphic change resulting from a decreasing pressure or temperature.
5. (by extension, of a person) A person who opposes social reforms, favoring the maintenance of the status quo, conservative.

Synonyms

• traditionalist
• reactionary

Antonyms

• liberal
• reformist
• progressist

Related terms

Translations

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

retrograde (plural retrogrades)

1. A degenerate person.
2. (music) The reversal of a melody so that what is played first in the original melody is played last and what is played last in the original melody is played first.

Translations

Etymology 3

From Latin retr?gradior or Late Latin retrogredere (retro- (“back”) + gradi (“walk”)).

Verb

retrograde (third-person singular simple present retrogrades, present participle retrograding, simple past and past participle retrograded)

1. (intransitive) To move backwards; to recede; to retire; to decline; to revert.
2. (intransitive, astronomy) To show retrogradation.

Antonyms

• prograde
• direct

Related terms

Translations

Anagrams

• retrogarde

German

Pronunciation

Adjective

retrograde

1. inflection of retrograd:
   1. strong/mixed nominative/accusative feminine singular
   2. strong nominative/accusative plural
   3. weak nominative all-gender singular
   4. weak accusative feminine/neuter singular

Italian

Adjective

retrograde

1. feminine plural of retrogrado

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ret?o???ade/, [re.t??o????a.ð?e]

Verb

retrograde

1. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of retrogradar.
2. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of retrogradar.
3. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present subjunctive form of retrogradar.
4. Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of retrogradar.