different between presumption vs postulate
presumption
English
Etymology
Borrowed from Middle French presumption, from Old French presumption, from Late Latin praesumpti?nem, accusative singular of Latin praesumpti?.
Noun
presumption (countable and uncountable, plural presumptions)
- the act of presuming, or something presumed
- the belief of something based upon reasonable evidence, or upon something known to be true
- the condition upon which something is presumed
- (dated) arrogant behaviour; the act of venturing beyond due bounds of reverence or respect
- (law) An inference that a trier of fact is either permitted or required to draw under certain factual circumstances (as prescribed by statute or case law) unless the party against whom the inference is drawn is able to rebut it with admissible, competent evidence.
- Bandini Petroleum Co. v. Superior Court, 284 U.S. 8, 18–19 (1931)
- The state, in the exercise of its general power to prescribe rules of evidence, may provide that proof of a particular fact, or of several facts taken collectively, shall be prima facie evidence of another fact when there is some rational connection between the fact proved and the ultimate fact presumed. The legislative presumption is invalid when it is entirely arbitrary, or creates an invidious discrimination, or operates to deprive a party of a reasonable opportunity to present the pertinent facts in his defense.
- Bandini Petroleum Co. v. Superior Court, 284 U.S. 8, 18–19 (1931)
Synonyms
- overhope
Translations
Middle French
Noun
presumption f (plural presumptions)
- assumption
Descendants
- French: présomption
References
- presomption on Dictionnaire du Moyen Français (1330–1500) (in French)
Old French
Etymology
First known attestation circa 1180 in Anglo-Norman as presumpsion. Borrowed from Latin praesumpti?.
Noun
presumption f (oblique plural presumptions, nominative singular presumption, nominative plural presumptions)
- (often law) presumption (something which is presumed)
Descendants
- ? English: presumption
- French: présomption
References
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (presumpcion, supplement)
presumption From the web:
- what presumptions apply at the start of trials
- what presumption means
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postulate
English
Etymology
From Medieval Latin postul?t- (“asked”), from the verb postul?re (“to ask”), from Latin postul? (“request”).
Pronunciation
- Noun
- (UK) enPR: p?s?tyo?o-l?t IPA(key): /?p?stj?l?t/
- (US) enPR: p?s?ch?-l?t, p?s?ch?-l?t', IPA(key): /?p?st??l?t/, /?p?st???le?t/
- Hyphenation: pos?tu?late
- Adjective
- (UK) enPR: p?s?tyo?o-l?t IPA(key): /?p?stj?l?t/
- (US) enPR: p?s?ch?-l?t, IPA(key): /?p?st??l?t/
- Hyphenation: pos?tu?late
- Verb
- (UK) enPR: p?s?tyo?o-l?t IPA(key): /?p?stj?le?t/
- (US) enPR: p?s?ch?-l?t' IPA(key): /?p?st???le?t/
- Hyphenation: pos?tu?late
Noun
postulate (plural postulates)
- Something assumed without proof as being self-evident or generally accepted, especially when used as a basis for an argument. Sometimes distinguished from axioms as being relevant to a particular science or context, rather than universally true, and following from other axioms rather than being an absolute assumption.
- A fundamental element; a basic principle.
- (logic) An axiom.
- A requirement; a prerequisite.
Derived terms
- parallel postulate
- universal postulate
Translations
Adjective
postulate (not comparable)
- Postulated.
Verb
postulate (third-person singular simple present postulates, present participle postulating, simple past and past participle postulated)
- To assume as a truthful or accurate premise or axiom, especially as a basis of an argument.
- 1883, Benedictus de Spinoza, translated by R. H. M. Elwes, Ethics, Part 3, Prop. XXII,
- But this pleasure or pain is postulated to come to us accompanied by the idea of an external cause; […]
- 1911, Encyclopædia Britannica, "Infinite",
- [T]he attempt to arrive at a physical explanation of existence led the Ionian thinkers to postulate various primal elements or simply the infinite ?? ???????.
- 1883, Benedictus de Spinoza, translated by R. H. M. Elwes, Ethics, Part 3, Prop. XXII,
- (transitive, intransitive, Christianity, historical) To appoint or request one's appointment to an ecclesiastical office.
- 1874, John Small (ed.), The Poetical Works of Gavin Douglas, Bishop of Dunkeld, Vol 1, p. xvi
- [A]lthough Douglas was postulated to it [the Abbacy of Arbroath], and signed letters and papers under this designation his nomination […] was never completed.
- 1874, John Small (ed.), The Poetical Works of Gavin Douglas, Bishop of Dunkeld, Vol 1, p. xvi
- (transitive, intransitive, obsolete) To request, demand or claim for oneself.
Derived terms
- postulation
- postulational
Translations
Anagrams
- attopulse
Italian
Verb
postulate
- second-person plural present indicative of postulare
- second-person plural imperative of postulare
- feminine plural of postulato
Latin
Verb
postul?te
- second-person plural present active imperative of postul?
postulate From the web:
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- what postulate guarantees that the triangles are congruent
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