different between languor vs sloth

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?læ???/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?læ?(?)?/
• Rhymes: -æ???(?)
• Hyphenation: lan?guor

Etymology 1

The noun is derived from Middle English langore, langour (“disease, illness; misery, sadness; suffering; condition or event causing sadness, suffering, etc.; unwholesomeness; idleness, inertia; depression, self-disgust; expression of grief”) [and other forms], from Middle French languer, langueur, langour, and Anglo-Norman langor, langour, langur, Old French langueur, languour (“disease, illness; suffering; emotional fatigue, sadness; listlessness; stagnation”) (modern French langueur (“langour”)), and from their etymon Latin languor (“faintness, feebleness; languor; apathy”), from langu?re, the present active infinitive of langue? (“to feel faint or weak; (figurative) to be idle, inactive; to be listless”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)leg-, *(s)leh?g-. The English word is cognate with Catalan llangor, Italian languore (“faintness, weakness; languor”), langore (obsolete), Old Occitan langor (modern Occitan langor), Portuguese langor, languor (obsolete), Spanish langor.

Noun

languor (countable and uncountable, plural languors)

1. (uncountable) A state of the body or mind caused by exhaustion or disease and characterized by a languid or weary feeling; lassitude; (countable) an instance of this.

   Synonym: torpor
2. (uncountable) Melancholy caused by lovesickness, sadness, etc.; (countable) an instance of this.
3. (uncountable) Dullness, sluggishness; lack of vigour; stagnation.
4. (uncountable) Listless indolence or inactivity, especially if enjoyable or relaxing; dreaminess; (countable) an instance of this.
5. (uncountable) Heavy humidity and stillness of the air.
6. (uncountable, obsolete) Sorrow; suffering; also, enfeebling disease or illness; (countable, obsolete) an instance of this.

Alternative forms

• languour

Related terms

Translations

Etymology 2

The verb is derived from Middle English langouren (“to be ill; to languish, suffer; to cause to suffer”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman langurer and Middle French langorer, langorir, langourer (“to languish; to be languorous”), from Old French languerer, from langueur (“disease, illness; suffering; emotional fatigue, sadness; listlessness; stagnation”); see further at etymology 1 above. Later uses of the verb have been influenced by the noun.

Verb

languor (third-person singular simple present languors, present participle languoring, simple past and past participle languored)

1. (intransitive) To languish.

Derived terms

• languoring (adjective)
• languoring (noun) (obsolete)
• languorment (obsolete)

Translations

References

Further reading

• languor in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• languor in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• languor at OneLook Dictionary Search

Latin

Etymology

From langue?.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?lan.??or/, [???ä????r]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?lan.?wor/, [?l???w?r]

Noun

languor m (genitive langu?ris); third declension

1. faintness, feebleness, languor, apathy

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Descendants

References

• languor in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• languor in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• languor in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin languor.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lan??wo?/, [lã???wo?]

Noun

languor m (plural languores)

1. (rare) languor

Related terms

• lánguido

English

Alternative forms

• sloath, slowth (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English slouthe, slewthe (“laziness”), from Old English sl?wþ (“sloth, indolence, laziness, inertness, torpor”), from Proto-Germanic *slaiwiþ? (“slowness, lateness”), equivalent to slow +? -th. Cognate with Scots sleuth (“sloth, slowness”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /sl???/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /sl??/
• (cot–caught merger, Canada) IPA^(key): /sl??/
• (General New Zealand) IPA^(key): /sl??/
• Rhymes: -???, -??

Noun

sloth (countable and uncountable, plural sloths)

1. (uncountable) Laziness; slowness in the mindset; disinclination to action or labour.
   • 1758, Benjamin Franklin, Preliminary Address to the Pennsylvania Almanac

     Sloth, like rust, consumes faster than labour wears.

2. (countable) A herbivorous, arboreal South American mammal of the families Megalonychidae and Bradypodidae, noted for its slowness and inactivity.
3. (rare) A collective term for a group of bears.

Usage notes

Sloth is one of the seven deadly sins.

Synonyms

• (animal): tardigrade

Hyponyms

• (animal): two-toed sloth, three-toed sloth

Derived terms

Related terms

• slowth

Translations

Verb

sloth (third-person singular simple present sloths, present participle slothing, simple past and past participle slothed)

1. (obsolete, intransitive, transitive) To be idle; to idle (away time).

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Gower to this entry?)

   • 1676, John Bunyan, The Strait Gate, or, Great Difficulty of Going to Heaven, London: Francis Smith, p. 69,^[1]

     […] the most of professors are for imbezzeling, mispending and slothing away their time, their talents, their opportunities to do good in […]

   • 1677, Hannah Woolley, The Compleat Servant-Maid, London: T. Passinger, p. 2,^[2]

     That you endeavour carefully to please your Lady, Master or Mistress, be faithful, diligent and submissive to them, encline not to sloth or laze in bed, but rise early in a morning.

Further reading

• sloth in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• sloth in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• Loths, holts, loths