different between kara vs vara

English

Etymology

From Punjabi ??? (ka??); see Hindi ???? (ka??, “bracelet”).

Noun

kara (plural karas)

1. (Sikhism) A bangle worn by Sikhs, one of the five Ks, to remind them to do God's work.

Anagrams

• arak, rak'a

Balinese

Romanization

kara

1. Romanization of ??
2. Romanization of ???

Basque

Noun

kara

1. allative singular of ka

Cornish

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *kar?d. Cognate with Breton karout and Welsh caru.

Verb

kara (irregular)

1. to love

Conjugation

Mutation

Esperanto

Etymology

From Italian caro.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?kara/
• Hyphenation: ka?ra
• Rhymes: -ara
• Audio:

Adjective

kara (accusative singular karan, plural karaj, accusative plural karajn)

1. dear

Derived terms

Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?k?r?/, [?k?r?]
• Rhymes: -?r?
• Syllabification: ka?ra

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *kara.

Noun

kara

1. a dried branch, rib of a leaf or other similar dried part of a plant

   Synonym: karahka

2. core (uneaten part of an apple or similar fruit)
3. core of a pirn (in a weaving shuttle)
4. (machining) spindle
5. core (in injection molding)
6. spindle (of a door or window handle, etc.)
7. pin (a piece of wood, partly inserted inside the wall, that supports the frame of a window or door)
8. valve stem

Declension

Derived terms

• omenankara

Etymology 2

Onomatopoeic.

Noun

kara

1. Synonym of koskikara (“bird of the genus Cinclus”)

Declension

Etymology 3

Clipping of karamboli.

Noun

kara

1. carom billiards, carambole

Declension

Anagrams

• arka

Gothic

Romanization

kara

1. Romanization of ????????????????

Hungarian

Etymology

From kar +? -a (possessive suffix).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?k?r?]
• Hyphenation: ka?ra

Noun

kara

1. third-person singular single-possession possessive of kar (“faculty; ensemble”)

Usage notes

For the possessive of kar in the sense “arm, lever”, see karja.

Declension

Ido

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?kara/

Adjective

kara

1. dear

Japanese

Romanization

kara

1. R?maji transcription of ??

Jingpho

Noun

kara

1. hair

Karaim

Adjective

kara

1. black

References

• dnathan.com

Karao

Noun

kara

1. purpose; motive; intention

Latvian

Noun

kara m

1. genitive singular form of karš

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle High German karre, ultimately from Latin carrus, from Gaulish karros, from Proto-Celtic *karros (“wagon”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?kara/

Noun

kara f (diminutive karka)

1. cart, wagon

Declension

References

• Lower Sorbian vocabulary. In: Haspelmath, M. & Tadmor, U. (eds.) World Loanword Database. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.

Mapudungun

Noun

kara (using Raguileo Alphabet)

1. city

   Synonym: waria

References

• Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.

Nias

Noun

kara (mutated form gara)

1. stone

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?k??r?/

Noun

kara n

1. definite plural of kar

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²k?(?)r?/

Noun

kara m

1. (non-standard since 1983) definite plural of kar

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

kara n

1. definite plural of kar

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *karu. Cognate with Old English caru, Old High German chara (“grief”), Old Norse k?r (“sickbed”), Gothic ???????????????? (kara).

Noun

kara f

1. grief, sorrow
2. anxiety

Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Oroqen

Adjective

kara

1. dark

References

• Whaley, Lindsay & Li, Fengxiang. (1998). The Suffix -Kan in Oroqen. Studies in Language. 22. 447-471. 10.1075/sl.22.2.06wha.

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ka.ra/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *kara.

Noun

kara f

1. punishment
2. penalty, fine

Declension

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Noun

kara

1. inflection of karo:
   1. genitive singular
   2. nominative/accusative/vocative plural

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the main entry.

Adjective

kara

1. feminine nominative/vocative singular of kary

Further reading

• kara in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
• kara in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Rapa Nui

Noun

kara

1. wing

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish ???? (kara), from Proto-Turkic *kara (“dark, black”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /k????/

Adjective

kara (comparative daha kara, superlative en kara)

1. black, dark

   Synonym: siyah

   Antonyms: ak, beyaz

2. brunette
3. dark skinned
4. (figuratively) evil, wicked, villainous
5. (figuratively, archaic) courageous

Declension

Descendants

• ? Adyghe: ????? (q?r?)

Noun

kara (definite accusative karay?, plural karalar)

1. black

   Synonym: siyah

   Antonym: ak

2. land, field

   Antonym: deniz

3. (archaic) north

Declension

Coordinate terms

• (compass points)

See also

Veps

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

kara

1. bay, inlet

Inflection

References

• Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007) , “?????”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovar? [New Russian–Veps Dictionary], Petrozavodsk: Periodika

Wanyi

Noun

kara

1. country
2. stone

References

• Mary Laughren, Rob Pensalfini, Tom Mylne, Accounting for verb-initial order in an Australian language, in Verb First: On the syntax of verb-initial languages (2005)

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vara and Portuguese vara.

Noun

vara (plural varas)

1. (historical) A unit of length in the old Spanish system (equal to 0.8359 metres) or the old Portuguese system (equal to 1.1 metres).

Anagrams

• Avar

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin v?ra.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /?va.??/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /?ba.??/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /?va.?a/

Noun

vara f (plural vares)

1. rod

Derived terms

• tenir vara alta

Further reading

• “vara” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “vara” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “vara” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “vara” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Estonian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *war?-, compare Swedish vara, German Ware, English ware. Cognate to Finnish vara and Livonian var?.

Noun

vara (genitive vara, partitive vara)

1. property, estate, goods; things belonging to a person or organisation

Inflection

Derived terms

• kaasavara
• tarkvara

Etymology 2

From Proto-Baltic *v?ras, compare Lithuanian voras (“old”). Cognate to Finnish varhain.

Adverb

vara

1. early

Derived terms

• varajane
• varakult

Antonyms

• hilja

Faroese

Etymology

From Middle Low German waren.

Verb

vara (third person singular past indicative vardi, third person plural past indicative vart, supine vart)

1. to take, to last, to require (about time)

Conjugation

Finnish

(index va)

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vara (compare Estonian vara), borrowed from Proto-Germanic *waraz and *war? (compare Swedish vara (“goods”), vara (“care”), English ware, wary and aware); the two Germanic words both ultimately come from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to cover, heed, notice”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /???r?/, [???r?]
• Rhymes: -?r?
• Syllabification: va?ra

Noun

vara

1. reserve, backup

2. (in the plural) (natural) resources, (natural) reserves

   Synonym: luonnonvarat

3. (in the plural) stores, stocks, reserves

   Synonym: varasto

4. (usually in the plural) funds, means, assets

   Synonyms: rahat, maksukyky (literally “ability to pay”), (asset) varallisuus

5. (usually in the singular) room, margin; allowance

6. (mostly in idioms and proverbs) caution, concern, care; often translated into English with an adjective, see also pitää varansa

Declension

Synonyms

• (caution, concern, care): varovaisuus

Derived terms

• elää yli varojensa = to live beyond one's means
• heittäytyä (+ genitive +) varaan = to bank on, count on, depend on
• jättää sattuman varaan = to leave to chance/contingency
• kaiken varalta = just in case, just to make sure, to be on the safe side
• (allative +) olla varaa (+ illative; verb always in third person singular) = to be able to/can afford

• olla varalla = to be in reserve/store, be at hand, be (readily) available
• olla (+ genitive +) varassa = to rest on (physically), to rely/depend on (figuratively)
• olla (+ genitive +) varoissaan = to be wealthy, be well-to-do, be flush
• pitää varansa = to watch out, watch one's step, be on one's guard, keep one's eyes open
• rakentua (+ genitive +) varaan = to be based on, be founded on, be grounded in
• siltä varalta, että... = in case (something happens)
• adjectives: varainen, -varaisuus, varakas, varaton
• adverbs: varaan, -varaisesti, varakkaasti, varalla, varalle, varalta, varassa, varasta
• nouns: varaamo, varallisuus, varanto, varasto, varat, varattomuus, varauma, varaus
• verbs: varata, varautua, varoa, varoittaa
• prefixes: vara-

Compounds

This table also contains terms prefixed with vara-.

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese vara (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin v?ra.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ba?a?/

Noun

vara f (plural varas)

1. a long and thin stick, pole or rod

   Synonym: valoira

2. shoot; twig
3. (dated or historical) cloth yard; a unit of length equivalent to half a braza (½ a fathom or a yard)
   • 1335, M. Lucas Álvarez & P. Lucas Domínguez (eds.), El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos. Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 463:

     que den a uos Eluira Perez en uossa vida de tres en tres annos çinquo varas de valacyna noua ou os dineiros para ella, quantos ella custar enna tenda

     they should give you, Elvira Pérez, throughout your life each three years, five yards of new Valencian cloth or the money for them, whatever it costs in the store

Derived terms

• vara de ourol
• vara fragueira
• varal
• varanca
• varear
• varela

References

• “vara” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
• “vara” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
• “vara” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
• “vara” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “vara” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?va?ra/

  Rhymes: -a?ra

Etymology 1

From Old Norse vara.

Noun

vara f (genitive singular vöru, nominative plural vörur)

1. article, commodity
2. (in the plural form) goods, wares, freight, commodities, merchandise

Declension

Derived terms

• vöruheiti

Etymology 2

From Old Norse vara, from Proto-Germanic *war?n?.

Verb

vara (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative varaði, supine varað)

1. (transitive, governs the accusative) to warn

Conjugation

Synonyms

• (warn): gefa aðvörun

Derived terms

• vara við
• vara sig
• vara sig á
• varaðu þig
• varast

Etymology 3

From Middle Low German waren (whence also Swedish vara, Norwegian vare, Danish vare), from Proto-Germanic *waz?n?.

Verb

vara (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative varði, supine varað)

1. (intransitive) to last, to continue, to go on

2. (intransitive) to last, to endure, to be permanent

Synonyms

• (last): standa
• (endure): endast

Etymology 4

Verb

vara (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative varði, supine varað)

1. (impersonal) to expect
   • 1990, the song Það sést ekki sætari mey ("None sweeter than me can be seen") from the album Gling-Gló by Björk Guðmundsdóttir & tríó Guðmundar Ingólfssonar (Lyrics)

     Og fyrr en mig varði

     hver strákur á mig starði

     eins og stelpur á gleym-mér-ei

     Before I would know it

     every boy would stare at me

     the way girls do at forget-me-nots

   Gestirnir komu fyrr en mig varði.

   The guests arrived earlier than expected.

Derived terms

• þá er minnst varði (suddenly, unexpectedly)

Etymology 5

Noun

vara

1. indefinite genitive plural of var

Etymology 6

Noun

vara

1. indefinite genitive plural of vör

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vara, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *waraz. Cognates include Finnish vara and Estonian vara.

Pronunciation

• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /???r?/
• Hyphenation: va?ra

Noun

vara (genitive varan, partitive varraa)

1. protection, safety
2. property, possession
3. alertness, awareness

Declension

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 640

Italian

Etymology

See the etymology of the main entry.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?va.ra/
• Hyphenation: và?ro

Adjective

vara

1. feminine singular of varo

Verb

vara

1. inflection of varare:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular present imperative

Anagrams

• avrà

Karelian

Etymology

Related to Finnish vara.

Noun

vara

1. reserve

Ladino

Etymology

From Spanish vara, ultimately derived from Latin v?ra.

Noun

vara f (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling ??????, plural varas)

1. stick, rod, crossbar
2. (diminutive form, typography) The rafe lines in the shape of crossbars that can be used in Ladino orthography as diacritics on Hebrew script to alter the sound of letters to create new letters; a breve diacritic (?) is placed on top of letters to form fricative consonant sounds, such as changing ? (/p/) into ?? (/f/); usually referred to by the diminutive varrica (“little crossbar”).

Latin

Etymology

From v?rus.

Noun

v?ra f (genitive v?rae); first declension

1. fork, forked branch
2. tripod, easel

Declension

First-declension noun.

Descendants

• Catalan: vara
• Galician: vara
• Portuguese: vara
• Spanish: vara

Adjective

v?ra

1. inflection of v?rus:
   1. nominative/vocative feminine singular
   2. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural

Adjective

v?r?

1. ablative feminine singular of v?rus

Latvian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

See varš.

Noun

vara m

1. genitive singular form of varš

Etymology 2

Noun

vara f (4th declension)

1. power

Declension

Northern Sami

Pronunciation

Noun

vara

1. accusative/genitive singular of varra

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• varen

Noun

vara m or f

1. definite feminine singular of vare

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /????.r?/ (example of pronunciation)

Noun

vara m (definite singular varaen, indefinite plural varaer or varaar, definite plural varaene or varaane)

1. clipping of vararepresentant

Etymology 2

Verb

vara (present tense varar/varer, past tense vara/varte, past participle vara/vart, passive infinitive varast, present participle varande, imperative var)

1. alternative form of vare

Etymology 3

Verb

vara (present tense varar, past tense vara, past participle vara, passive infinitive varast, present participle varande, imperative var)

1. alternative form of vare

Noun

vara f

1. definite singular of vare

Etymology 4

Noun

vara n

1. definite plural of var

Etymology 5

Verb

vara

1. (dialectal, nonstandard) alternative form of vera

References

• “vara” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

• arva, raav, rava, vaar

Old Swedish

Alternative forms

• væra, væræ

Etymology

From Old Norse vera, earlier vesa, from Proto-Germanic *wesan?. Cognate with Danish være, Icelandic vera.

Verb

vara

1. To be
   1. to occupy a place, to be

Conjugation

Descendants

• Swedish: vara

Pali

Alternative forms

Adjective

vara

1. excellent
2. noble

Declension

Derived terms

• adhivara
• anadhivara

Noun

vara m or n

1. wish, boon, favour

Declension

As the masculine or neuter of the adjective above, as appropriate.

Verb

vara

1. second-person singular imperative active of varati (“to desire”)

References

“vara”, in Pali Text Society, editor, Pali-English Dictionary?, London: Chipstead, 1921-1925.

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Portugal, Brazil) IPA^(key): /?va.??/
• Hyphenation: va?ra

Etymology 1

From Old Portuguese vara, from Latin v?ra. Compare Spanish vara.

Noun

vara f (plural varas)

1. a unit of length, a yard
2. a stick, a twig
3. a district court, an original court, a trial court/court of first instance
4. (Brazil, vulgar, slang) The penis

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Verb

vara

1. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present indicative of varar
2. second-person singular (tu, sometimes used with você) affirmative imperative of varar

Further reading

• “vara” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?va.ra/

Adverb

vara

1. in the summer

Noun

vara f

1. definite nominative/accusative singular of var?

Serbo-Croatian

Noun

vara (Cyrillic spelling ????)

1. genitive singular of var

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ba?a/, [?ba.?a]

Etymology 1

From Latin v?ra.

Noun

vara f (plural varas)

1. a long and thin stick, pole or rod

   Synonyms: palo, bastón, barra

2. thin branch or cane (of a tree or bush)

   Synonym: rama

3. staff of office (staff which denotes an official's position or social rank)
4. (bullfighting) bullfighter's lance
5. (historical) vara (unit of length, about 0.836 metres or three Spanish feet)
6. (also figuratively) yardstick, standard (standard to which other measurements or comparisons are judged)

   Synonym: estándar

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Verb

vara

1. Informal second-person singular (tú) affirmative imperative form of varar.
2. Formal second-person singular (usted) present indicative form of varar.
3. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present indicative form of varar.

Further reading

• “vara” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?v???ra/, (verb, informal) /?v??/
• • Pronunciation of the present tense form of vara (“to be”) varies geographically and depending on the formality of the language. The most formal pronunciation is /??r/ with a varying degree of openness in the vowel. Less formal pronunciation in running speech varies between /e?/ and /??/.
• Rhymes: -??

Etymology 1

From Old Swedish vara, væra from Old Norse vera, earlier vesa, from Proto-Germanic *wesan?. Cognate with Danish være, Icelandic vera, Norwegian være.

Verb

vara (present är, preterite var, supine varit, imperative var)

1. To be
   1. to occupy a place, to be (somewhere)

   2. to occur, to take place
   3. (rare) to exist
      • c. 1847, Carl August Hagberg, translation of Shakespeare's Hamlet (c. 1601), act 3, scene 1

   4. (copulative) indicates that the subject and object are the same
   5. (copulative, mathematics) indicates that the values on either side of an equation are the same
   6. (copulative) indicates that the subject plays the role of the predicate nominal
   7. (copulative) connects a noun to an adjective that describes it
      • 1917 translation, the Bible, Deuteronomy (Femte Mosebok), 1:26

   8. used to form the passive voice, when stressing the end result of the process
   9. (archaic) used to form the perfect aspect with certain intransitive verbs

   10. used to indicate things like age, height, temperature, weather, ...

Usage notes

Although the past subjunctive in most verbs is viewed as dated (see: Appendix:Swedish verbs), vore is still very much in use by young speakers, even in informal or colloquial language.

Conjugation

See also:

• ären (archaic second person plural indicative)
• voren (archaic second person past plural indicative)
• varen (archaic second person plural imperative)

Alternative forms

• va (strongly colloquial)

Synonyms

• (occupy a place): befinna sig, finnas, ligga / sitta / stå
• (to exist): finnas existera
• (to create passive voice): bli (when putting stress on the process), varda (archaic, only still commonly used in the past tense form vart)

Related terms

• närvara
• närvaro
• tillvaro
• vara till
• var så god or varsågod
• övervara

Noun

vara n

1. existence, being

   Varats olidliga lätthet

   The Unbearable Lightness of Being (1984 novel by Milan Kundera)

Declension

Etymology 2

From Old Swedish vara, from Middle Low German waren, from Old Saxon waron, from Proto-Germanic *war?n?. Cognate with Danish vare

Verb

vara (present varar, preterite varade, supine varat, imperative vara)

1. to last

   Synonyms: fortfara, hålla på, pågå

Conjugation

Derived terms

• varaktig
• bevara
• förvara

Etymology 3

From Old Swedish vara, from Old Norse vari, cognate with Danish vare, possibly from an unattested Old Swedish vari (care), related to Icelandic vari (“caution, carefullness”), but influenced by Middle Low German ware namen, related to German wahren, wahrnehmen.

Noun

vara c

1. care

Usage notes

• Only used in expressions like the ones in the usage examples above.

Etymology 4

From Old Swedish vara, from Old Norse vara, from Middle Low German ware. Cognate with Danish vare, German Ware, English ware. Could be related to Sanskrit vara- (valuable).

Noun

vara c

1. a ware, goods, article

Declension

Related terms

Etymology 5

Attested since 1664. From var (“pus”) +? -a.

Verb

vara (present varar, preterite varade, supine varat, imperative vara)

1. to generate pus

Conjugation

References

• vara in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• vara in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

Anagrams

• avar

Veps

Etymology

Related to Finnish vara.

Noun

vara

1. stock, store, inventory
2. resource
3. asset

Inflection

References

• Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007) , “?????, ??????, ?????????, ????????, ????”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovar? [New Russian–Veps Dictionary], Petrozavodsk: Periodika

Westrobothnian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /???ra/

Verb

vara

1. Alternative present plural form of vera in sothern dialects.