different between gouge vs dent

English

Etymology

From Middle English gouge (“chisel with concave blade; gouge”), from Old French gouge, goi (“gouge”), from Late Latin goia, gubia, gulbia (“chisel; piercer”), borrowed from Gaulish *gulbi?, from Proto-Celtic *gulb?, *gulbi, *gulb?nos (“beak, bill”). The English word is cognate with Italian gorbia, gubbia (“ferrule”), Old Breton golb, Old Irish gulba (“beak”), Portuguese goiva, Scottish Gaelic gilb (“chisel”), Spanish gubia (“chisel, gouge”), Welsh gylf (“beak; pointed instrument”), gylyf (“sickle”).

The verb is derived from the noun.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?a?d?/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?a?d?/
• Rhymes: -a?d??

Noun

gouge (countable and uncountable, plural gouges)

1. Senses relating to cutting tools.
   1. A chisel with a curved blade for cutting or scooping channels, grooves, or holes in wood, stone, etc.
   2. A bookbinder's tool with a curved face, used for blind tooling or gilding.
   3. An incising tool that cuts blanks or forms for envelopes, gloves, etc., from leather, paper, or other materials.
2. A cut or groove, as left by a gouge or something sharp.
3. (originally US, colloquial) An act of gouging.
4. (slang) A cheat, a fraud; an imposition.

   Synonym: swindle

5. (slang) An impostor.
6. (mining) Soft material lying between the wall of a vein and the solid vein of ore.
7. (US, military, slang, uncountable) Information.
   • 2005, Jay A. Stout, To Be a U.S. Naval Aviator (page 63)

     As all naval aviators have learned at one time or another in their careers, “There's plenty of bad gouge out there," and it has, does, and will get the unwary fliers in trouble.

   • 2013, Douglas Waller, Air Warriors: The Inside Story of the Making of a Navy Pilot (page 89)

     The Marines and “Coasties” (the nickname for Coast Guard students) were reputed to have good gouge on each class's test. Rumor had it that the Marines had inside information on the questions for the next day's FRR test, […]

Derived terms

• fault gouge
• gouge bit

Translations

Verb

gouge (third-person singular simple present gouges, present participle gouging, simple past and past participle gouged)

1. (transitive) To make a groove, hole, or mark in by scooping with or as if with a gouge.

   Synonyms: engrave, grave, incise
2. (transitive) To cheat or impose upon; in particular, to charge an unfairly or unreasonably high price.

   Synonyms: defraud, swindle
3. (transitive, intransitive) To dig or scoop (something) out with or as if with a gouge; in particular, to use a thumb to push or try to push the eye (of a person) out of its socket.
4. (intransitive) To use a gouge.

Derived terms

• gouger
• gouging (noun)
• price gouging
• regouge

Translations

References

Further reading

• chisel – gouge on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• gouge (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Douglas Harper (2001–2021) , “gouge”, in Online Etymology Dictionary

French

Etymology

Old French gouge, from Latin gulbia (Late Latin gubia), of Gaulish or Basque origins.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?u?/
• Rhymes: -u?

Noun

gouge f (plural gouges)

1. gouge (groove)
2. gouge (tool)
3. (obsolete) female servant
4. (archaic) prostitute
   • 1857, Charles Baudelaire, Bribes - Damnation,

     On peut les comparer encore à cette auberge, / Espoir des affamés, où cognent sur le tard, / Blessés, brisés, jurant, priant qu’on les héberge, / L’écolier, le prélat, la gouge et le soudard.

     They can also be compared to this inn, / Hope to the starved, where in the night knock, / Injured, broken, cursing, begging to be lodged, / The schoolboy, the prelate, the prostitute and the soldier.

Verb

gouge

1. first-person singular present indicative of gouger
2. third-person singular present indicative of gouger
3. first-person singular present subjunctive of gouger
4. third-person singular present subjunctive of gouger
5. second-person singular imperative of gouger

Further reading

• “gouge” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Old French

Etymology

From Late Latin gubia, from Latin gulbia.

Noun

gouge f (oblique plural gouges, nominative singular gouge, nominative plural gouges)

1. gouge (tool)
2. (chiefly derogatory) woman

Descendants

• English: gouge
• French: gouge

References

• Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (gouge, supplement)

English

Pronunciation

• (UK, US) enPR: d?nt, IPA^(key): /d?nt/
• Rhymes: -?nt

Etymology 1

From Middle English dent, dente, dint (“a blow; strike; dent”), from Old English dynt (“blow, strike, the mark or noise of a blow”), from Proto-Germanic *duntiz (“a blow”). Akin to Old Norse dyntr (“dint”). More at dint.

Noun

dent (plural dents)

1. A shallow deformation in the surface of an object, produced by an impact.

2. A type of maize/corn with a relatively soft outer hull, and a soft type of starch that shrinks at maturity to leave an indentation in the surface of the kernel.
3. (by extension, informal) A sudden negative change, such as loss, damage, weakening, consumption or diminution, especially one produced by an external force, event or action

Translations

Verb

dent (third-person singular simple present dents, present participle denting, simple past and past participle dented)

1. (transitive) To impact something, producing a dent.
2. (intransitive) To develop a dent or dents.

Translations

Etymology 2

French, from Latin dens, dentis, tooth. Doublet of tooth.

Noun

dent (plural dents)

1. (engineering) A tooth, as of a card, a gear wheel, etc.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Knight to this entry?)

2. (weaving) A slot or a wire in a reed

Anagrams

• 'tend, tend

Catalan

Etymology

With change of gender from Latin dentem, accusative of d?ns m.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Valencian) IPA^(key): /?dent/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /?den/

Noun

dent f (plural dents)

1. (anatomy) tooth
2. tooth (saw tooth)
3. tooth (gear tooth)

Derived terms

Related terms

• dentadura
• dental
• dentista

Further reading

• “dent” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “dent” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “dent” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “dent” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

French

Etymology

From Middle French dent, with change of gender from Old French dent m, from Latin dentem, accusative of d?ns, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h?dénts, *h?dónts.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d??/
• Homophones: dam, dams, dans, dents

Noun

dent f (plural dents)

1. tooth
2. cog (tooth on a gear)

Derived terms

Further reading

• “dent” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• tend

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /dent/, [d??n?t?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /dent/, [d??n?t?]

Verb

dent

1. third-person plural present active subjunctive of d?, "they may give"

Lombard

Etymology

From dente.

Noun

dent

1. tooth

Middle English

Noun

dent

1. Alternative form of dint

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French dent.

Noun

dent f (plural dens)

1. tooth

Descendants

• French: dent

Norman

Etymology

From Old French dent, from Latin d?ns, dentem, from Proto-Indo-European *h?dénts, *h?dónts.

Pronunciation

Noun

dent m (plural dents)

1. (anatomy) tooth

Derived terms

• brînge à dents (“toothbrush”)

Related terms

• denchive (“gum”)

Occitan

Etymology

From Latin dentem, accusative of d?ns. Attested from the 12th century.

Pronunciation

Noun

dent f (plural dents)

1. tooth

Related terms

References

Old French

Etymology

From Latin d?ns, dente

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?d?nt]
• Rhymes: -ent

Noun

dent m (oblique plural denz or dentz, nominative singular denz or dentz, nominative plural dent)

1. (anatomy, of a comb) tooth

Descendants

• French: dent

Piedmontese

Etymology

From Latin d?ns, dentem, from Proto-Indo-European *h?dénts, *h?dónts.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d??t/

Noun

dent m (plural dent)

1. tooth

Derived terms

• dentin
• denton
• dentera
• dentista

Romansch

Alternative forms

• (Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) daint

Etymology

From Latin d?ns, dentem, from Proto-Indo-European *h?dénts, *h?dónts.

Noun

dent m (plural dents)

1. (anatomy, Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan) tooth

Derived terms

• pasta da dents (“toothpaste”)