different between gage vs pion

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?e?d??/
• Rhymes: -e?d?
• Homophone: gauge

Etymology 1

From Middle English gage, from later Old French or early Middle French gager (verb), (also guagier in Old French) gage (noun), ultimately from Frankish *waddi, from Proto-Germanic *wadj? (whence English wed). Doublet of wage, from the same origin through the Old Northern French variant wage. See also mortgage.

Verb

gage (third-person singular simple present gages, present participle gaging, simple past and past participle gaged)

1. (obsolete) To give or deposit as a pledge or security; to pawn.
2. (archaic) To wager, to bet.
   • c. 1626, John Ford 'Tis Pity She's a Whore

     This feast, I'll gage my life, / Is but a plot to train you to your ruin.

3. To bind by pledge, or security; to engage.

Noun

gage (plural gages)

1. Something, such as a glove or other pledge, thrown down as a challenge to combat (now usually figurative).
   • 1819, Walter Scott, Ivanhoe:

     “But it is enough that I challenge the trial by combat — there lies my gage.” She took her embroidered glove from her hand, and flung it down before the Grand Master with an air of mingled simplicity and dignity…

   • 1988, James McPherson, Battle Cry for Freedom, Oxford 2003, page 166:

     The gage was down for a duel that would split the Democratic party and ensure the election of a Republican president in 1860.

2. (obsolete) Something valuable deposited as a guarantee or pledge; security, ransom.
   • 1886, Henry James, The Princess Casamassima.

     [I]t seemed to create a sort of material link between the Princess and himself, and at the end of three months it almost appeared to him, not that the exquisite book was an intended present from his own hand, but that it had been placed in that hand by the most remarkable woman in Europe.... [T]he superior piece of work he had done after seeing her last, in the immediate heat of his emotion, turned into a kind of proof and gage, as if a ghost, in vanishing from sight, had left a palpable relic.

Translations

Etymology 2

See gauge.

Noun

gage (plural gages)

1. US alternative spelling of gauge (a measure, instrument for measuring, etc.)

Verb

gage (third-person singular simple present gages, present participle gaging, simple past and past participle gaged)

1. (US) Alternative spelling of gauge (to measure)

Usage notes

The spelling gage is encountered primarily in American English, but even there it is less common than the spelling gauge.

Translations

Etymology 3

Back-formation from greengage.

Noun

gage (plural gages)

1. A subspecies of plum, Prunus domestica subsp. italica.

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 4

Noun

gage

1. (obsolete, Britain, thieves' cant) A quart pot. [15th–19th c.]
2. (archaic, Britain, slang) A pint pot. [18th–19th c.c.]
3. (archaic, Britain, slang, metonymically) A drink. [from 19th c.]
4. (archaic, Britain, slang) A tobacco pipe. [mid 17th–early 19th c.]
5. (archaic, Britain, slang) A chamberpot. [19th c.]
6. (archaic, Britain, slang) A small quantity of anything. [19th c.]
7. (slang, dated) Marijuana

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from French gage.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??a?.??/

• Hyphenation: ga?ge
• Rhymes: -a???

Noun

gage m (plural gages)

1. wage for work performed (in particular for a performance by performing artists)

Related terms

• engageren

Descendants

• ? Malay: gaji
  • Indonesian: gaji

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?a?/
• Rhymes: -a?
• Homophones: gagent, gages

Etymology 1

From Middle French gage, from Old French gage, guage, from Frankish *wadd?.

Noun

gage m (plural gages)

1. pledge, guarantee
2. (law, finance) deposit, security, guaranty (guarantee that debt will be paid; property relinquished to ensure this)
3. forfeit (something deposited as part of a game)
4. proof, evidence, assurance
5. (in the plural) wages, salary

Derived terms

• tueur à gages

Related terms

• gager

Descendants

• ? Dutch: gage
• ? German: Gage (see there for further descendants)

Etymology 2

Verb

gage

1. first-person singular present indicative of gager
2. third-person singular present indicative of gager
3. first-person singular present subjunctive of gager
4. third-person singular present subjunctive of gager
5. second-person singular present imperative of gager

Further reading

• “gage” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Middle English

Etymology 1

Noun

gage (plural gages)

1. Alternative form of cage

Etymology 2

Noun

gage

1. Alternative form of gauge

Etymology 3

From Old French gage, from Medieval Latin wadium, from Frankish *wadd?. Doublet of wage and wed.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??a?d?(?)/

Noun

gage

1. A security, surety, or bond.
2. A formal declaration of combat.
3. (rare) Money for the release of a hostage .

Descendants

• English: gage

References

• “g??e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-22.

Old French

Alternative forms

• guage, gaige, wage

Etymology

From Medieval Latin wadium (“pledge, legal contract, wage”), from Frankish *wadd?.

Noun

gage m (oblique plural gages, nominative singular gages, nominative plural gage)

1. wage (regular remuneration)
2. (figuratively) payment

Descendants

• Middle French: gage
  • French: gage
• ? Middle English: gage
  • English: gage

English

Etymology

pi +? -on, as alteration of pi-meson.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?pa??n/

Noun

pion (plural pions)

1. (physics) Any of three semistable mesons, having positive, negative or neutral charge, composed of up and down quarks/antiquarks.

Synonyms

• pi meson

Translations

Anagrams

• INOP, Pino

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch pion, from French pion, from Middle French pion, from Old French peon, from Late Latin ped?.

Noun

pion (plural pionne, diminutive pionnetjie)

1. (chess) pawn; least valuable piece in chess
2. a pawn; a person who has no control over their lot, usually manipulated by others to some end

Synonyms

• (chess piece): boer

Dutch

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French pion, from Middle French pion, from Old French peon, from Late Latin ped? (“footman”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pi??n/
• Hyphenation: pi?on
• Rhymes: -?n

Noun

pion m (plural pionnen, diminutive pionnetje n)

1. (chess) pawn
2. (boardgames, by extension) piece, pawn (generic player piece in boardgames resembling the pawn in chess)
3. (figuratively) pawn (someone without control; one who is (easily) manipulated)

Derived terms

• a-pion
• b-pion
• c-pion
• d-pion
• e-pion
• f-pion
• g-pion
• h-pion
• vrijpion

Descendants

• Afrikaans: pion

See also

Etymology 2

Borrowed. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?pi.?n/
• Hyphenation: pi?on

Noun

pion n (plural pionen)

1. (physics) pion (subatomic particle)

Esperanto

Noun

pion

1. accusative singular of pio

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pj??/

Etymology 1

From Old French peon, poon, paon, from Late Latin ped?, ped?nem (“footsoldier”), from Latin p?s, pedem (“foot”). Compare Spanish peón, Portuguese peão, Italian pedone. Doublet of péon.

Noun

pion m (plural pions)

1. (chess) pawn
2. (figuratively) pawn
3. (games) counter

Related terms

• pionnier

Noun

pion m (plural pions, feminine pionne)

1. (informal) supervisor (in a school)

See also

Descendants

• ? Polish: pion

Etymology 2

pi +? -on (forming particle names)

Noun

pion m (plural pions)

1. (physics) pion

Further reading

• “pion” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch pion (“pawn”), from French pion, from Old French peon, poon, paon, from Late Latin ped?, ped?nem (“footsoldier”), from Latin p?s, pedem (“foot”). Doublet of piung.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pi.on/
• Hyphenation: pi?on

Noun

pion

1. (chess) pawn

   Synonym: bidak

2. (physics) pion
3. (figuratively) pioneer

   Synonyms: perintis, pelopor

See also

Further reading

• “pion” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Hellenistic Ancient Greek ??????? (pai?nía), from Ancient Greek ????? (Pai?n, “Paean, physician of the gods”)/????? (pai?n, “a physician”).

Noun

pion m (definite singular pionen, indefinite plural pioner, definite plural pionene)

1. alternative form of peon

References

• “pion” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Hellenistic Ancient Greek ??????? (pai?nía), from Ancient Greek ????? (Pai?n, “Paean, physician of the gods”)/????? (pai?n, “a physician”).

Noun

pion m (definite singular pionen, indefinite plural pionar, definite plural pionane)

1. alternative form of peon

Etymology 2

Noun

pion n (definite singular pionet, indefinite plural pion, definite plural piona)

1. (physics) a pion

References

• “pion” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Polish

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p??n/

Noun

pion m inan

1. the vertical

2. plumb line
3. section; department

4. duct; riser; any installations or spaces running vertically in a building

5. (by extension) flats in an apartment block sharing those installations

Declension

Etymology 2

From French pion.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /p??n/

Noun

pion m inan (diminutive pionek)

1. (chess) pawn

Declension

See also

Etymology 3

From English pion, a shortened form of pi meson.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?p?i.j?n/

Noun

pion m inan

1. (physics) pion

Declension

Etymology 4

Noun

pion f

1. genitive plural of piona

Further reading

• pion in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
• pion in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French pion.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [pi?on]

Noun

pion m (plural pioni)

1. (chess) pawn

Declension

See also

Swedish

Noun

pion c

1. peony; a flower
2. (physics) pion; any of the semistable ?-mesons

Declension