different between froward vs hostile

English

Etymology

From Middle English froward, fraward, equivalent to fro +? -ward. Compare Old English fromweard, framweard (“turned away, having the back turned”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?f???.(w)?d/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?f?o?.?d/

Adjective

froward (comparative more froward, superlative most froward)

1. (archaic, literary) Disobedient, contrary, unmanageable; difficult to deal with; with an evil disposition.
   • 1553 (posth.), Thomas More, A Dialogue of Comfort against Tribulation, Book I, Chapter 14:

     But in the meanwhile, for fear lest if he would wax never the better he would wax much the worse; and from gentle, smooth, sweet, and courteous, might wax angry, rough, froward, and sour, and thereupon be troublous and tedious to the world to make fair weather with; they give him fair words for the while and put him in good comfort, and let him for the rest take his own chance.

   • c. 1592, William Shakespeare, The Taming of the Shrew, Act I, Scene 2,^[1]

     Her only fault,—and that is faults enough,—

     Is, that she is intolerable curst

     And shrewd and froward, so beyond all measure,

     That, were my state far worser than it is,

     I would not wed her for a mine of gold.

   • 1611, King James Version of the Bible, Proverbs 21:8,^[2]

     The way of man is froward and strange: but as for the pure, his work is right.

   • 1625, Francis Bacon, "Of Innovation"

     All this is true, if time stood still; which contrariwise moveth so round, that a froward retention of custom, is as turbulent a thing as an innovation […]

   • 1816, George Crabb, English Synonymes Explained, London: Baldwin, Cradock and Joy, p. 133,^[3]

     A froward child becomes an untoward youth, who turns a deaf ear to all the admonitions of an afflicted parent.

   • 1885, Richard F. Burton, The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night:

     So I took a great dry gourd and, cutting open the head, scooped out the inside and cleaned it; after which I gathered grapes from a vine which grew hard by and squeezed them into the gourd, till it was full of the juice. Then I stopped up the mouth and set in the sun, where I left it for some days, until it became strong wine; and every day I used to drink of it, to comfort and sustain me under my fatigues with that from froward and obstinate fiend; and as often as I drank myself drunk, I forgot my troubles and took new heart.

   • 1954, J. R. R. Tolkien, "The Two Towers":

     'I owe much to Eomer,' said Theoden. 'Faithful heart may have froward tongue.'

Synonyms

• untoward

Derived terms

• enfroward

Translations

Preposition

froward

1. (obsolete) Away from.

   • Whan Sir Galahad herde hir sey so, he was adrad to be knowyn; and therewith he smote hys horse with his sporys and rode a grete pace froward them.

Anagrams

• Forward, Warford, forward

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French hostile, from Latin host?lis, from hostis (“enemy”). Displaced Old English f?ondl??.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?h?sta?l/, /?h?st?l/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?h?st?l/, /?h?sta?l/
• Homophone: hostel (one pronunciation)
• Rhymes: -?st?l

Adjective

hostile (comparative more hostile, superlative most hostile)

1. Not friendly, appropriate to an enemy; showing the disposition of an enemy; showing ill will and malevolence, or a desire to thwart and injure

   Synonyms: inimical, unfriendly

   a hostile force

   hostile intentions

   a hostile country

   hostile to a sudden change

2. Aggressive, antagonistic.
3. Unwilling
4. Of a hostile takeover.

   Microsoft may go hostile in its bid for Yahoo as soon as Friday, according to a published report.

Synonyms

• antagonistic
• hateful
• See also Thesaurus:hostile

Antonyms

• friendly

Related terms

• hostility
• hostilely
• host
• See also Thesaurus:combative

Translations

Noun

hostile (plural hostiles)

1. (chiefly in the plural) An enemy.

Translations

Anagrams

• Elohist, eoliths, holiest, sholtie

French

Etymology

From Middle French hostile, hostif (this form with a change of suffix), borrowed from Latin hostilis.

Pronunciation

• ^{(mute h)} IPA^(key): /?s.til/

Adjective

hostile (plural hostiles)

1. hostile
2. unfriendly

Synonyms

• ennemi

Related terms

• hostilité
• ost

Further reading

• “hostile” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Latin

Adjective

host?le

1. nominative neuter singular of host?lis
2. accusative neuter singular of host?lis
3. vocative neuter singular of host?lis

References

• hostile in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)