different between culm vs caudex

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /k?lm/

Etymology 1

Perhaps related to coal. Perhaps from Welsh cwlm (“knot or tie”), applied to this species of coal, which is much found in balls or knots in some parts of Wales: compare Old English culme.

Noun

culm (countable and uncountable, plural culms)

1. waste coal, used as a poor quality fuel; slack.
2. anthracite, especially when found in small masses

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin culmus. Doublet of haulm.

Noun

culm (plural culms)

1. (botany) the stem of a plant, especially of grass or sedge

Translations

Anagrams

• Clum, MCLU, clum

English

Etymology

From Latin caudex (“tree trunk”, “tree stem”); compare codex.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: kô?d?ks, IPA^(key): /?k??d?ks/,

Noun

caudex (plural caudices or caudexes)

1. (botany) An enlargement of the stem, branch or root of a woody plant, usually serving to store water.

Related terms

• caudicle
• codex

References

Latin

Alternative forms

• c?dex

Etymology

Uncertain, but some have connected it to Proto-Indo-European *Heh?s- (“ash tree”), the same source as English ash, Old Norse askr, Welsh onnen, Latin ornus (“wild mountain ash”), Lithuanian úosis, Russian ?????? (jásen?), Albanian ah (“beech”), Ancient Greek ???? (oxúa, “beech”), Old Armenian ???? (hac?i). The connection stems from the assumption that Indo-Europeans used hollowed out ash trees as boats and skiffs.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /?kau?.deks/, [?käu?d??ks?]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /?kau?.deks/, [?k??u?d??ks]

Noun

caudex m (genitive caudicis); third declension

1. A tree trunk, stump.
2. A bollard; post.
3. A book, writing; notebook, account book.
4. (derogatory) A blockhead, idiot.

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Synonyms

• (bollard, blockhead, idiot): gurdus

Derived terms

• caudica (“a raft”)
• caudic?lis
• caudic?rius
• caudiceus

Descendants

• Portuguese: cáudice
• Spanish: códice

References

• caudex in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• caudex in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• caudex in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• caudex in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• caudex in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers