different between bonsai vs espalier

bonsai

English

Etymology 1

From Japanese ?? (bonsai), from Middle Chinese ? (MC bu?n, “bowl”) + ? (MC t?s?i, d?z?iH, “to plant”).

Pronunciation

  • (General American) IPA(key): /?b?nsa?/, /?b?nza?/
  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /?b?nsa?/

Noun

bonsai (countable and uncountable, plural bonsai or bonsais)

  1. (countable) A tree or plant that has been miniaturized by planting it in a small pot, restricting its roots, and by careful pruning.
  2. (uncountable) The art of planting and growing trees or plants in such a manner.

Verb

bonsai (third-person singular simple present bonsais, present participle bonsaiing, simple past and past participle bonsaied)

  1. (transitive) To make into a bonsai by restricting the roots and pruning.
    • 2001, Dennis Parks, Living in the Country Growing Weird (page 50)
      Could I be a father who was, so to speak, bonsaiing his children, trimming urban roots, and then twisting the emerging branches?
Derived terms
Translations

Etymology 2

Interjection

bonsai

  1. Misspelling of banzai.

Anagrams

  • Bosnia, basion, sabino

Danish

Etymology

Borrowed from Japanese ??.

Noun

bonsai

  1. (countable) bonsai tree
  2. (uncountable) art of bonsai

Synonyms

  • (tree): bonsaitræ

Indonesian

Etymology

From Japanese ?? (bonsai), from Middle Chinese ? (MC bu?n, “bowl”) + ? (MC t?s?i, d?z?iH, “to plant”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [?b?nsai?]
  • Hyphenation: bon?sai

Noun

bonsai (first-person possessive bonsaiku, second-person possessive bonsaimu, third-person possessive bonsainya)

  1. bonsai:
    1. A tree or plant that has been miniaturized by planting it in a small pot, restricting its roots, and by careful pruning.
    2. The art of planting and growing trees or plants in such a manner.

Alternative forms

  • bongsai

Derived terms

Further reading

  • “bonsai” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.

Japanese

Romanization

bonsai

  1. R?maji transcription of ????

Polish

Etymology

From Japanese ?? (bonsai).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /?b?n.saj/, /?b??.saj/

Noun

bonsai n (indeclinable)

  1. bonsai

Further reading

  • bonsai in Wielki s?ownik j?zyka polskiego, Instytut J?zyka Polskiego PAN
  • bonsai in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Japanese ?? (????, bonsai).

Pronunciation

  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /bõ.?saj/

Noun

bonsai m (plural bonsais)

  1. bonsai (a miniaturised tree or plant)
  2. (uncountable) bonsai (the art of growing miniaturised trees or plants)

Spanish

Noun

bonsai m (plural bonsais)

  1. bonsai

bonsai From the web:

  • what bonsai tree do i have
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espalier

English

Etymology

Borrowed from French espalier, from Italian spalliera, from spalla (shoulder).

Pronunciation

  • (UK) IPA(key): /??spal??/, /?s?pæl.?.e?/
  • (US) IPA(key): /??spæl.j?/, /??spæl.je?/
  • ,

Noun

espalier (plural espaliers)

  1. A latticework used to shape or train the branches of a tree or shrub into a two-dimensional ornamental or useful design, as along a wall or fence.
    • 1974, Lawrence Durrell, Monsieur, Faber & Faber 1992, p. 223:
      The garment stalls carried the traditional blue vine-dressers' outfits, sunhats, and the great willow pitchforks grown in espalier at villages like Sauve.
  2. A plant that has been shaped in this manner.
  3. A row of plants that have been shaped in this manner.

Verb

espalier (third-person singular simple present espaliers, present participle espaliering, simple past and past participle espaliered)

  1. To train a plant in this manner.

See also

  • arborsculpture
  • bonsai
  • topiary

Anagrams

  • pearlies

French

Etymology

From Italian spalliera.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /?s.pa.lje/

Noun

espalier m (plural espaliers)

  1. (agriculture) espalier
  2. (sports) wall bars

Anagrams

  • épileras
  • pèlerais

Further reading

  • “espalier” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From French espalier, from Italian spalliera, from spalla (shoulder).

Noun

espalier n (definite singular espalieret, indefinite plural espalier or espalierer, definite plural espaliera or espalierene)

  1. (horticulture) espalier
  2. A formation of people lined up in two columns facing each other (to secure a passageway).
  • Danne espalier

References

  • “espalier” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
  • “espalier” in The Ordnett Dictionary

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From French espalier, from Italian spalliera, from spalla (shoulder).

Noun

espalier n (definite singular espalieret, indefinite plural espalier, definite plural espaliera)

  1. (horticulture) espalier
  2. A formation of people lined up in two columns facing each other (to secure a passageway).
  • Danne espalier

References

  • “espalier” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

espalier From the web:

  • what espalier trees
  • what espalier mean
  • espalier what does this mean
  • what is espalier pruning
  • what is espalier fruit trees
  • what does espalier mean in french
  • what is espalier design
  • what does espalier
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